Water heating (definition)

Water heating — is a heating system in which heat is transferred using water circulating through pipes or radiators. Water heated in a boiler or other heat generator transfers its heat to the rooms through radiators, convectors or heated floors.

The main components of water heating:

1. Boiler or heat generator: Heats water to the required temperature. Depending on the type of fuel (gas, oil, coal, electricity) and design, boilers can be different (e.g. condensing, pyrolysis, solid fuel).
2. Pipelines: Transfer hot water from the boiler to the heating devices and back. Pipelines can be made of various materials, such as steel, copper, polypropylene.
3. Radiators, convectors or heated floors: Transfer heat into the rooms. Radiators are usually placed under windows, convectors can be built into the floor or walls, and heated floors provide uniform heating of the floor surface.
4. Circulation pump: Ensures the movement of hot water through the system. The pump maintains the required pressure and ensures uniform heat distribution.
5. Expansion tank: Compensates for water expansion when heated and prevents excess pressure in the system.
6. Valves and regulators: Control water flow, pressure and temperature. Includes thermostatic valves on radiators, balancing valves and safety valves.

Features of installation of water heating:

1. System design: It is necessary to carry out a detailed design, taking into account the features of the building, the layout of the premises and the required heating capacity. This includes calculating the diameter of the pipes, the placement of radiators and convectors, and the choice of the boiler.
2. Installation of pipelines: Installing pipes may require opening up walls or floors, especially in older buildings. For new buildings, concealed pipe installation in the floor screed can be used.
3. Installation of radiators and convectors: Radiators are installed at a certain height from the floor, usually under windows, to compensate for heat loss. Convectors and heated floors require careful placement and connection to pipelines.
4. Connecting the boiler: The boiler is installed in a technical room or a specially designated place. It is necessary to connect it to the pipelines, and also provide access for maintenance and control.
5. Commissioning works: After the system has been installed, it needs to be checked and adjusted. This includes flushing the pipes, checking the tightness of the connections, adjusting the circulation pump and checking the operation of all system elements. Water heating is quite demanding in terms of the quality of installation and design. heating circuits.
6. Maintenance and control: Hydronic heating requires regular maintenance, including checking the water level in the expansion tank, clearing air from radiators using air vents and periodically checking the condition of the boiler and pumps.

Advantages of water heating:

• Even heat distribution: Water has a high heat capacity, which allows for stable and uniform heating of rooms.
• Efficiency: Hydronic heating is often more economical than electric heating due to better heat retention and transfer.
• Comfort: Radiators and underfloor heating provide soft, comfortable heat that does not dry out the air.

Water heating is one of the most popular and effective ways of heating premises, especially in regions with cold climates, where a reliable and efficient heating system is required.