Thermal energy (definition)

Thermal energy is a form of energy that is associated with the movement and vibrations of atoms and molecules of matter. It manifests itself in the form of heat transferred from one body to another due to temperature differences. Thermal energy is the result of the internal energy of a substance caused by the movement of its elementary particles.

Main aspects of thermal energy:

1. Transmission mechanism - Thermal energy is transferred from a body with a higher temperature to a body with a lower temperature. This process can be carried out in three ways: conduction (transmission through direct contact), convection (transmission through the movement of a liquid or gas), and radiation (transmission through electromagnetic waves).
2. Sources of thermal energy - It can be produced by various sources such as solar radiation, geothermal sources, chemical reactions, electrical resistance and heat engines.
3. Application — thermal energy is widely used to provide warmth and comfort in domestic conditions (heating houses, heating water), in industry for heating and cooling processes, and in the production of electricity through thermal power plants.

Thermal energy value:

It plays an important role in everyday life and industry, providing the necessary thermal energy for various processes and satisfying the basic needs of humanity for warmth and comfort. Its efficient use helps reduce energy costs and save the environment.

In heating systems, energy saving is achieved through boilers (contains a heating element or heat exchanger), buffer capacity or heat accumulator.