Pressure testing of the heating system (definition)

Pressure testing of the heating system — is the process of checking the tightness and reliability of all elements of the heating system (pipes, radiators, boilers, connections and shut-off valves) by creating increased pressure using special equipment, usually a hydraulic or pneumatic pump. This is a mandatory stage before putting the system into operation or after carrying out repair work related to the replacement or modernization of elements of the heating system.

Pressure testing of the heating system: main stages

1. Preparing the system:
   • The system is completely filled with coolant (water or special antifreeze).
   • All air pockets are removed to prevent distortion of test results.
   • Plugs or valves are installed at the inlet to prevent the coolant from leaking out.
2. Creating excess pressure:
   • Using a hydraulic pump (sometimes pneumatic ones are used), pressure is supplied to the system that is 1.5-2 times higher than the operating pressure, which allows checking the strength of the materials and the tightness of the connections.
   • Typically, the pressure is increased to 1.5-2 atmospheres above the nominal value for private heating systems or to values determined by the design documentation.
3. Monitoring the system status:
   • Over a certain period of time (from 30 minutes to several hours), any changes in pressure in the system are monitored.
   • When the pressure drops, the locations of leaks or defects are recorded.
4. Correction of detected defects:
   • If leaks or other faults are detected during pressure testing, they are eliminated and the procedure is repeated until the system is completely sealed.

Goals and objectives of pressure testing:

• Checking for leaks: Pressure testing reveals leaks, defects in welded or threaded connections, cracks in radiators and pipes.
• Test of strength: Ensure that materials and connections can withstand the operating pressure of the system without failure or damage.
• Operational safety: Pressure testing ensures safe operation of the heating system under maximum loads, preventing emergency situations during operation.

Equipment for pressure testing:

• Hand hydraulic pump: For small systems, a portable hand pump is used to create the required pressure.
• Electric pumps: For larger systems or to simplify the process, automated pumping units can be used.

Pressure testing of the heating system is mandatory after installation heating systems, reconstruction or replacement of key components to prevent leaks and possible accidents during operation.