Circulation pump (definition)

Circulation pump — is a device designed to move liquid through a pipeline system or circuit, ensuring circulation of the coolant at the required speed in heating, air conditioning, hot water supply and other technical systems, ensuring uniform distribution thermal energy boiler along the heating circuits. It provides temperature control of the liquid being moved; three- and four-way valves are installed in such systems to mix cold and hot water.

Circulation pump: main components and operating principle:

1. Electric motor - the main element of the pump, which converts electrical energy into mechanical energy, starting the rotation of the rotor.
2. Rotor - part of the pump that creates fluid movement. The rotor is located inside the pump housing and rotates under the action of an electric motor.
3. Impeller - a part of the rotor that has blades that create a flow of fluid during rotation. The circulation pump impeller can be of various shapes and designs depending on the specific application.
4. Pump housing — provides protection and liquid tightness, and also determines the direction of liquid flow.

Circulation pump functions:

• Coolant circulation - The main task of a circulation pump in heating and cooling systems is to move a coolant (most often water or glycol) through the system to ensure heat exchange with the environment.
• Maintaining pressure — the pump maintains the required pressure in the system, ensuring a uniform flow of liquid and preventing possible distortions in heat distribution.
• Energy Saving - modern circulation pumps are usually equipped with variable speeds or automatic control systems, which allows reducing energy consumption depending on the current needs of the system.

Application of circulation pumps:

Circulation pumps are used in a wide range of technical systems, including heating, water supply, air conditioning, solar collectors and others. They are a key element for ensuring reliable operation and efficient use of coolants in various engineering systems.

In heating systems, circulation or pump groups can be installed on each circuit with additional equipment that provides temperature regulation.