Exhaust gas (definition)

Exhaust gas In the context of pyrolysis technology, it is a mixture of gases formed during the thermochemical decomposition of organic materials at high temperatures and low oxygen levels. Pyrolysis is used to convert solid organic matter such as wood, coal or biomass into more valuable products such as syngas, coal gas or biomass.

Exhaust gas: use in pyrolysis

• Pyrolysis process:
  • Decomposition: In pyrolysis, organic matter is decomposed at high temperatures (usually in the range of 300 to 1000°C) in the absence or with limited oxygen. This results in the formation of various products including waste gas, liquid (pyrolysis oil) and solid residues (pyrolysis char).
  • Components: The main components of the exhaust gas include carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO₂), hydrogen (H₂), methane (CH₄) and other hydrocarbons. The composition of the exhaust gas depends on the type of feedstock and the pyrolysis conditions. It is often used in pyrolysis boilers in one combustion cycle.
• Usage:
  • Energy resources: The exhaust gas can be used as fuel to generate electricity or heat in special gas engines or turbines.
  • Chemical recycling: In some cases, waste gas can be purified and processed to produce chemicals or synthesis gases used in various industrial processes.
• Management and cleaning:
  • Cleaning: Exhaust gas contains various pollutants such as soot and volatile organic compounds that require purification before use or emission into the atmosphere.
  • Cleaning technologies: Filtration systems, absorption, catalytic cleaning and other methods aimed at reducing harmful emissions and improving gas quality can be used to clean exhaust gas.

The gas produced during the pyrolysis process is an important component that can be effectively used to generate energy and raw materials if it is properly purified and processed.