Tubular heat exchanger (definition)

Tubular heat exchanger — is a device for transferring heat between two liquids or gases using pipes through which the liquids pass heat carriers. It consists of a series of pipes located inside the body through which another heat carrier passes. The tube heat exchanger effectively transfers heat due to the large contact surface and thermal exchange between the different flows.

Tubular heat exchanger: main characteristics and features

1. Coefficient of performance (COP):
   • Contact surface area: The efficiency of a tube heat exchanger largely depends on the area of the contact surface between the heat carriers. A larger number of tubes and a more efficient configuration of them increase the area available for heat transfer, which improves the efficiency of the device.
   • Thermal resistance: Minimizing thermal resistance through the tube walls and between the heat carriers contributes to high efficiency. Modern tube heat exchangers use tubes with improved heat transfer characteristics to increase the efficiency of heat transfer.
2. Use in solid fuel boilers:
   • Heat exchange between combustion products and coolant: In solid fuel boilers, tube heat exchangers are often used to transfer heat from the combustion products (extracted from the boiler furnace) to a coolant (such as water), which is then distributed throughout the heating system. The tube heat exchanger effectively extracts heat from the hot gases and transfers it to the liquid, which allows for efficient heating.
   • Resistance to high temperatures: The tube heat exchangers in solid fuel boilers must be designed to operate at high temperatures and are often exposed to aggressive environments. They are made of materials that are resistant to corrosion and high temperatures to ensure durability and reliability.
3. Construction and installation:
   • Types of pipes: Tube heat exchangers can be made in a variety of configurations, including multi-tube and compact models, depending on space and efficiency requirements. Solid fuel boilers often use smooth or finned tubes to improve heat transfer.
   • Installation and maintenance: When installing a tube heat exchanger, it is important to ensure access to its components for maintenance and cleaning, as accumulated ash and combustion products can reduce heat transfer efficiency. Regular maintenance is necessary to maintain high efficiency and prevent overheating or blockages.
4. Advantages:
   • Efficiency: The high efficiency of tubular heat exchangers allows for optimal use of the heat generated by the solid fuel boiler, reducing energy costs and improving the overall efficiency of the heating system.
   • Flexibility of application: Tubular heat exchangers can be adapted to various types of solid fuel boilers and heating systems, providing versatility and the ability to integrate into existing installations.

The tube heat exchanger is a key component in solid fuel boilers, ensuring efficient heat transfer and facilitating optimal use of the energy released during fuel combustion.