{"id":8490,"date":"2024-03-02T15:46:18","date_gmt":"2024-03-02T13:46:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/?p=8490"},"modified":"2024-03-02T15:46:18","modified_gmt":"2024-03-02T13:46:18","slug":"pelletnoe-centralnoe-otoplenie-v-evrope","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/ro\/pelletnoe-centralnoe-otoplenie-v-evrope\/","title":{"rendered":"Incalzire centrala pe peleti in Europa"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u00cenc\u0103lzirea central\u0103 cu pele\u021bi \u00een Europa - c\u00e2t de realist\u0103 este?<\/span><\/h1>\n

\u00cenc\u0103lzirea central\u0103 cu pele\u021bi \u00een Europa este un cuv\u00e2nt nou \u00een aprovizionarea cu energie a \u021b\u0103rilor cu agricultur\u0103 dezvoltat\u0103. Cu toate acestea, directivele UE moderne prev\u0103d utilizarea granulelor cu con\u021binut sc\u0103zut de cenu\u0219\u0103, din acest motiv este exclus\u0103 o cantitate semnificativ\u0103 de materii prime agricole pentru producerea acesteia. O solu\u021bie la aceast\u0103 problem\u0103 pot fi cazanele pe pele\u021bi care ard toate produsele de ardere cu emisii sc\u0103zute de CO2 \u00een atmosfer\u0103. Aceast\u0103 tehnologie este utilizat\u0103 \u00een echipamentele de \u00eenc\u0103lzire FOCUS.<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Originile \u00eenc\u0103lzirii cu pele\u021bi \u2013 este o alternativ\u0103 la gaz?<\/span><\/h2>\n

Moda \u00eenc\u0103lzirii cu pele\u021bi a venit din teritoriile Noii Zeelande, care nu are rezerve de gaze naturale, iar transportul GNL este costisitor \u0219i nu este profitabil. O pondere semnificativ\u0103 a produsului brut al na\u021biunii insulare provine din agricultur\u0103, motiv pentru care \u00eenc\u0103lzirea cu pele\u021bi, un combustibil regenerabil pe baz\u0103 de plante, a devenit principalul suport.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

De obicei, aceast\u0103 tehnologie este utilizat\u0103 de complexele reziden\u021biale cu mai multe apartamente \u0219i de gospod\u0103rii pentru \u00eenc\u0103lzire individual\u0103. \u00cenc\u0103lzirea central\u0103 \u00een Europa se bazeaz\u0103 pe combustibili fosili \u0219i gaze. \u00cenc\u0103lzirea central\u0103 pe pele\u021bi este o raritate datorit\u0103 riscurilor mari de a r\u0103m\u00e2ne f\u0103r\u0103 materii prime pentru fabricarea pele\u021bilor. \u00cen acela\u0219i timp, acest tip de \u00eenc\u0103lzire a cl\u0103dirii este ideal pentru conceptul OFFGRID, \u00eenc\u0103lzire autonom\u0103 cu randament ridicat \u0219i control programabil al circuitelor de r\u0103cire. \u0218i folose\u0219te de fapt resurse de energie regenerabil\u0103, a c\u0103ror cerere \u00een UE este de 20% din consumul total.<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

C\u00e2t de scalabile sunt cazanele pe pele\u021bi?<\/span><\/h2>\n

Experien\u021ba real\u0103 \u00een scalarea cazanelor pe pele\u021bi ajunge la 10 MW. Cu toate acestea, aceasta este departe de limit\u0103. Limitarea, desigur, este disponibilitatea combustibilului granular. Dar orice granule sunt potrivite pentru ardere cu un arz\u0103tor de pele\u021bi datorit\u0103 arderii volumetrice \u0219i foarte intense, toate produsele de ardere care sunt utilizate \u00een cazanele de piroliz\u0103 pentru ardere pe termen lung sunt arse.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\"Sistem<\/a>
Concept de \u00eenc\u0103lzire cu pele\u021bi<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Eficien\u021ba cazanului pe pele\u021bi FOCUS cu arz\u0103tor tip lantern\u0103 ajunge la 95%. Astfel, pentru cazanele pe pele\u021bi este posibil\u0103 \u00een viitor utilizarea pele\u021bilor din de\u0219euri, dar este necesar\u0103 normalizarea emisiilor \u00een atmosfer\u0103.<\/span><\/p>\n

Pentru cazanele pe pele\u021bi FOCUS se recomand\u0103 utilizarea pele\u021bilor din de\u0219euri sezoniere din sectorul agroindustrial. Acesta este f\u00e2n, f\u0103in\u0103 de floarea soarelui, de\u0219euri agricole sezoniere de floarea soarelui \u0219i alte culturi care nu sunt utilizate pentru hrana animalelor. Con\u021binutul de cenu\u0219\u0103 admisibil al pele\u021bilor este 10%, care este de aproape 10 ori mai mare dec\u00e2t con\u021binutul de cenu\u0219\u0103 admis pe pia\u021ba european\u0103, care de fapt poate fi produs doar din tyrsa, adic\u0103 de\u0219euri de prelucrare a lemnului. Prin urmare, nu ar trebui s\u0103 ne a\u0219tept\u0103m \u00eenc\u0103 la utilizarea pe scar\u0103 larg\u0103 a tehnologiei pele\u021bilor \u0219i la implementarea \u00eenc\u0103lzirii centrale pe pele\u021bi \u00een Europa.<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Care iesire?<\/span><\/h2>\n
\"\u00cenc\u0103lzire<\/a>
\u00cenc\u0103lzirea cu pele\u021bi reziduali se bazeaz\u0103 pe caracteristicile unui arz\u0103tor cu lantern\u0103. Pentru a implementa conceptul, va fi necesar s\u0103 se utilizeze piroliza pentru a arde fumara\u021bii \u0219i utilizarea dioxidului de carbon folosind sere urbane sau planta\u021bii naturale.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

 <\/p>\n

Posibilitatea de ardere a de\u0219eurilor cu emisii standardizate \u00een atmosfer\u0103 este o idee excelent\u0103, potrivit\u0103 mai ales pentru mega-ora\u0219e, unde depozitarea de\u0219eurilor reprezint\u0103 o problem\u0103 important\u0103 pentru civiliza\u021bie. Pele\u021bii ar putea deveni una dintre modalit\u0103\u021bile de procesare \u0219i reutilizare a produselor, ocolind ciclul de depozitare a de\u0219eurilor. \u00cen acest caz, tehnologia pele\u021bilor poate constitui baza pentru \u00eenc\u0103lzirea central\u0103 cu pele\u021bi \u00een Europa. Decalarea cazanelor pe pele\u021bi ajunge la 2000 MW la utilizarea pele\u021bilor din de\u0219euri, necesarul de c\u0103ldur\u0103 \u0219i energie este complet compensat. Mai r\u0103m\u00e2ne doar normalizarea emisiilor \u00een atmosfer\u0103 de la cazanele pe pele\u021bi care func\u021bioneaz\u0103 pe \u201epelete de gunoi\u201d.<\/span><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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