{"id":8354,"date":"2024-02-26T16:26:39","date_gmt":"2024-02-26T14:26:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/?p=8354"},"modified":"2024-02-26T16:26:39","modified_gmt":"2024-02-26T14:26:39","slug":"kakoe-byvaet-otoplenie-v-teplicah","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/ro\/kakoe-byvaet-otoplenie-v-teplicah\/","title":{"rendered":"Ce fel de \u00eenc\u0103lzire exist\u0103 \u00een sere?"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ce fel de \u00eenc\u0103lzire exist\u0103 \u00een sere: versiuni pentru toate anotimpurile \u0219i sezoniere<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">C\u00e2nd te \u00eentrebi ce fel de \u00eenc\u0103lzire se folose\u0219te \u00een sere, ar trebui s\u0103 cau\u021bi \u00eentotdeauna r\u0103spunsul \u00een cadrul conceptului de control al climei. Urmeaz\u0103 elementele de baz\u0103 ale HVAC, ceea ce \u00eenseamn\u0103 controlul ventila\u021biei, \u00eenc\u0103lzirii, r\u0103cirii, umidit\u0103\u021bii \u0219i luminii. \u021ain\u00e2nd cont de ce tip specific de sere vorbim, se construie\u0219te o solu\u021bie specific\u0103 de proiectare.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Compania noastra va ofera automatizarea serelor pe baza cazanului pe peleti FOCUS si a programatorului PLUM, care va permite conectarea climatizarii. Desigur, vorbim de cl\u0103diri permanente pentru toate anotimpurile. Daca vrei sa faci o sera de sezon, atunci este mai bine sa optezi pentru pardoseli incalzite pe un sistem solar pe acoperis, si sa folosesti si un sistem de ceata pentru racire si irigare, pe care il avem si noi in stoc.<\/span><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_7999\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-7999\" style=\"width: 3467px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/sistema-kontrolya-klimata-teplicy.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-7999\" src=\"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/sistema-kontrolya-klimata-teplicy.png\" alt=\"Ce fel de \u00eenc\u0103lzire exist\u0103 \u00een sere?\" width=\"3467\" height=\"1550\" title=\"- -\" srcset=\"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/sistema-kontrolya-klimata-teplicy.png 1000w, https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/sistema-kontrolya-klimata-teplicy-510x228.png 510w, https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/sistema-kontrolya-klimata-teplicy-300x134.png 300w, https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/sistema-kontrolya-klimata-teplicy-1024x458.png 1024w, https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/sistema-kontrolya-klimata-teplicy-768x343.png 768w, https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/sistema-kontrolya-klimata-teplicy-1536x687.png 1536w, https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/sistema-kontrolya-klimata-teplicy-2048x916.png 2048w, https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/sistema-kontrolya-klimata-teplicy-18x8.png 18w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 3467px) 100vw, 3467px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-7999\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">HVAC pentru sere incalzite<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ce include un sistem de climatizare cu efect de ser\u0103?<\/span><\/h2>\n<figure id=\"attachment_8001\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-8001\" style=\"width: 900px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/greenhouse-climate-control.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-8001 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/greenhouse-climate-control.jpg\" alt=\"Controlul climatului \u00een ser\u0103\" width=\"900\" height=\"600\" title=\"- -\" srcset=\"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/greenhouse-climate-control.jpg 900w, https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/greenhouse-climate-control-510x340.jpg 510w, https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/greenhouse-climate-control-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/greenhouse-climate-control-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/greenhouse-climate-control-18x12.jpg 18w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 900px) 100vw, 900px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-8001\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Sistem de management al serelor cu realitate augmentat\u0103<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Un sistem de climatizare cu ser\u0103 include mai multe componente care lucreaz\u0103 \u00eempreun\u0103 pentru a crea condi\u021bii optime de cre\u0219tere pentru plantele din mediul cu ser\u0103. Iat\u0103 principalele componente ale unui sistem climatic de ser\u0103:<\/span><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Ventilare. <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">O bun\u0103 ventila\u021bie \u00eentr-o ser\u0103 este esen\u021bial\u0103 pentru a asigura circula\u021bia aerului \u0219i controlul umidit\u0103\u021bii. Ferestrele sau orificiile de ventila\u021bie sunt de obicei amplasate pe acoperi\u0219ul \u0219i\/sau pe p\u0103r\u021bile laterale ale serei. Acestea pot fi automate \u0219i r\u0103spund la schimb\u0103rile de temperatur\u0103 \u0219i umiditate, deschiderea sau \u00eenchiderea conform parametrilor prestabili\u021bi.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Incalzi.<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Dup\u0103 cum am men\u021bionat, un sistem de \u00eenc\u0103lzire este utilizat pentru a men\u021bine o temperatur\u0103 optim\u0103 \u00een ser\u0103, mai ales \u00een lunile mai reci sau noaptea. Ce fel de \u00eenc\u0103lzire exist\u0103 \u00een sere? Sunt utilizate \u00eenc\u0103lzitoare electrice cu ventilator, \u00eenc\u0103lzitoare de ap\u0103 cald\u0103, \u00eenc\u0103lzire cu radiatoare \u0219i \u00eenc\u0103lzire cu aer pe baz\u0103 de ap\u0103. Sursa de energie utilizat\u0103 este electricitatea, gazul, aburul (pentru complexe mari) sau energia solar\u0103.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>R\u0103cire.<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u00cen zilele caniculare, sera poate deveni prea fierbinte, ceea ce poate afecta negativ plantele. Sisteme de r\u0103cire precum <\/span><b>sisteme de aburire<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, ventilatoare sau aparate de aer condi\u021bionat. Ele ajut\u0103 la reducerea temperaturii \u0219i la men\u021binerea unor condi\u021bii confortabile \u00een ser\u0103.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Controlul umidit\u0103\u021bii.<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Controlul umidit\u0103\u021bii \u00eentr-o ser\u0103 este important pentru a preveni dezvoltarea bolilor fungice \u0219i cre\u0219terea mucegaiului. Pentru aceasta pot fi folosite sisteme de \u00eembog\u0103\u021bire a aerului sau chiar umidificatoare.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Iluminat.<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u00cen unele cazuri, iluminatul poate fi inclus \u0219i \u00een sistemul de control al climei al serei, \u00een special \u00een perioadele de lumin\u0103 solar\u0103 limitat\u0103. Aceasta poate include utilizarea luminii artificiale pentru a prelungi perioada de lumin\u0103 natural\u0103.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Monitorizarea nivelului de CO2.<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Se \u0219tie c\u0103 plantele au nevoie de dioxid de carbon pentru a se dezvolta, \u00een timp ce \u00een procesul de fotosintez\u0103 sintetizeaz\u0103 oxigen. Pe teren \u00eenchis, poate exista o lips\u0103 de dioxid de carbon, care afecteaz\u0103 negativ culturile agricole.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>Un sistem eficient de climatizare cu efect de ser\u0103 trebuie s\u0103 fie bine echilibrat \u0219i automatizat pentru a oferi condi\u021bii optime pentru cre\u0219terea \u0219i dezvoltarea plantelor pe tot parcursul anului.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Controlul climatului \u00een ser\u0103<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Controlul climatului \u00eentr-o ser\u0103 este organizat printr-un set de sisteme \u0219i tehnici care vizeaz\u0103 reglarea temperaturii, umidit\u0103\u021bii, ventila\u021biei \u0219i, uneori, chiar a luminii pentru a crea condi\u021bii optime pentru cre\u0219terea plantelor. Iat\u0103 componentele cheie ale controlului climatului \u00een ser\u0103:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Sere au de obicei sisteme de ventila\u021bie, inclusiv ventilatoare de acoperi\u0219, ventilatoare laterale sau ventilatoare, pentru a regla fluxul de aer \u0219i temperatura \u00een interiorul structurii. Ventila\u021bia ajut\u0103 la prevenirea supra\u00eenc\u0103lzirii \u00een zilele \u00eensorite \u0219i asigur\u0103 o circula\u021bie adecvat\u0103 a aerului pentru plante<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Sere folosesc adesea sisteme de \u00eenc\u0103lzire pentru a men\u021bine temperatura necesar\u0103, mai ales pe vreme rece sau pe timp de noapte. Metodele comune de \u00eenc\u0103lzire includ \u00eenc\u0103lzitoare pe gaz, \u00eenc\u0103lzitoare electrice, conducte de ap\u0103 cald\u0103 sau sisteme de \u00eenc\u0103lzire prin pardoseal\u0103;<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00cen climatele calde sau \u00een lunile de var\u0103, sistemele de r\u0103cire sunt necesare pentru a preveni c\u0103ldura excesiv\u0103 \u00een interiorul serei. Metodele de r\u0103cire pot include p\u00e2nz\u0103 de umbr\u0103, sisteme de r\u0103cire prin evaporare, sisteme de aburire sau chiar unit\u0103\u021bi de aer condi\u021bionat;<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Controlul nivelului de umiditate este esen\u021bial pentru prevenirea bolilor fungice \u0219i pentru asigurarea cre\u0219terii optime a plantelor. Sere pot folosi senzori de umiditate \u0219i sisteme automate de aburire pentru a men\u021bine nivelul dorit de umiditate sau dezumidificatoare pentru a reduce excesul de umiditate.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">De\u0219i lumina natural\u0103 a soarelui este sursa principal\u0103 de lumin\u0103 \u00een sere, poate fi necesar\u0103 iluminarea suplimentar\u0103, \u00een special \u00een timpul zilelor scurte de iarn\u0103 sau \u00een regiunile cu lumin\u0103 solar\u0103 limitat\u0103. Sistemele de iluminat artificial, cum ar fi l\u0103mpile cu LED sau cu sodiu de \u00eenalt\u0103 presiune (HPS), pot prelungi fotoperioada \u0219i pot oferi lumin\u0103 suplimentar\u0103 pentru cre\u0219terea plantelor.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Multe sere moderne folosesc sisteme automate de control al climei care combin\u0103 senzori, actuatoare \u0219i controlere pentru a monitoriza condi\u021biile de mediu \u0219i pentru a regla sistemele de \u00eenc\u0103lzire, r\u0103cire, ventila\u021bie \u0219i irigare \u00een consecin\u021b\u0103. Aceste sisteme ajut\u0103 la optimizarea utiliz\u0103rii resurselor \u0219i la minimizarea interven\u021biei manuale.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00cen general, <a href=\"\/ro\/komplektuyushhie-pelletnyh-gorelok-i-tverdotoplivnyh-kotlov\/avtomatika-kontrolya-klimata\/\"><strong>control eficient al climei<\/strong><\/a> sere necesit\u0103 un sistem bine proiectat care echilibreaz\u0103 \u00eenc\u0103lzirea, r\u0103cirea, ventila\u021bia, umiditatea \u0219i iluminatul pentru a crea mediul ideal pentru cre\u0219terea plantelor pe tot parcursul anului. Aceast\u0103 abordare este reunit\u0103 de acronimul HVAC. Este important ca operatorii de sere s\u0103 monitorizeze \u00een mod regulat mediul \u0219i s\u0103 fac\u0103 ajust\u0103rile necesare pentru a asigura s\u0103n\u0103tatea \u0219i productivitatea culturilor lor.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Conceptul HVAC FOCUS pentru sere: cum este \u00eenc\u0103lzirea serelor \u00een practic\u0103<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Aceast\u0103 abordare este de a crea condi\u021bii climatice optime bazate pe tehnologia pele\u021bilor FOCUS. \u00cen multe privin\u021be, ele reflect\u0103 abord\u0103rile clasice de organizare a unui sistem de control al microclimatului \u00een sere, descrise mai sus. Oferim o solu\u021bie practic\u0103 pentru crearea unui sistem de \u00eenc\u0103lzire cu trei circuite: pardoseal\u0103 \u00eenc\u0103lzit\u0103, circuit de radiatoare \u0219i \u00eenc\u0103lzire cu aer, care func\u021bioneaz\u0103 dintr-o singur\u0103 surs\u0103 de c\u0103ldur\u0103 ieftin\u0103, precum \u0219i sisteme de r\u0103cire bazate pe <strong>aburire<\/strong>.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Senzorii necesari pentru monitorizarea altor parametri climatici pot fi conectati la sistemul PLUM HVAC. Nivelul de control digital combin\u0103 elemente func\u021bionale cu controlul prin intermediul unui site web \u0219i al unei aplica\u021bii mobile.<\/span><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_7278\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-7278\" style=\"width: 2419px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/bazova-shema.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-7278\" src=\"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/bazova-shema.png\" alt=\"Schema de baz\u0103 de control al climatiz\u0103rii \u00een sistemele cu boiler cu combustibil solid reglabil.\" width=\"2419\" height=\"2097\" title=\"- -\" srcset=\"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/bazova-shema.png 1000w, https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/bazova-shema-510x442.png 510w, https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/bazova-shema-300x260.png 300w, https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/bazova-shema-1024x888.png 1024w, https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/bazova-shema-768x666.png 768w, https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/bazova-shema-1536x1332.png 1536w, https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/bazova-shema-2048x1775.png 2048w, https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/bazova-shema-14x12.png 14w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2419px) 100vw, 2419px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-7278\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Climatizare bazat\u0103 pe dispozitive PLUM<\/figcaption><\/figure>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041a\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u0431\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043e\u0442\u043e\u043f\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0432 \u0442\u0435\u043f\u043b\u0438\u0446\u0430\u0445: \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0441\u0435\u0437\u043e\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0438 \u0441\u0435\u0437\u043e\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0438 \u041a\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u0432\u044b \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0441\u044c \u0432\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u043e\u043c, \u043a\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u0431\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043e\u0442\u043e\u043f\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0432 \u0442\u0435\u043f\u043b\u0438\u0446\u0430\u0445, \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u043d\u0443\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0438\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442 \u0432 \u0440\u0430\u043c\u043a\u0430\u0445 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0446\u0435\u043f\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u043a\u043b\u0438\u043c\u0430\u0442-\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043b\u044f. \u041e\u043d\u0430 \u0441\u043e\u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043c HVAC, \u0442\u043e \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0432\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0432\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u043b\u044f\u0446\u0438\u044e, \u043e\u0442\u043e\u043f\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435, \u043e\u0445\u043b\u0430\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435, \u0443\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0432\u043b\u0430\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c\u044e \u0438 \u043e\u0441\u0432\u0435\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c. \u0423\u0447\u0438\u0442\u044b\u0432\u0430\u044f, \u043e \u043a\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043c \u043a\u043e\u043d\u043a\u0440\u0435\u0442\u043d\u043e \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0435 \u0442\u0435\u043f\u043b\u0438\u0446 \u0438\u0434\u0435\u0442 \u0440\u0435\u0447\u044c, \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u044f\u0442 \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0440\u0435\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435.\u00a0 \u041d\u0430\u0448\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043b\u0430\u0433\u0430\u0435\u0442 [&#8230;]\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":7999,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_members_access_role":[],"_members_access_error":""},"categories":[6],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-8354","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ne-tolko-o-kotlah"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8354","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8354"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8354\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/7999"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8354"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8354"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8354"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}