{"id":2760,"date":"2020-12-15T09:18:21","date_gmt":"2020-12-15T07:18:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/?p=2760"},"modified":"2020-12-15T09:18:21","modified_gmt":"2020-12-15T07:18:21","slug":"otoplenie-geliosistemoj-naskolko-vygodno-i-vozmozhno","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/ro\/otoplenie-geliosistemoj-naskolko-vygodno-i-vozmozhno\/","title":{"rendered":"\u00cenc\u0103lzirea solar\u0103: c\u00e2t de profitabil\u0103 \u0219i posibil\u0103"},"content":{"rendered":"<h1>\u00cenc\u0103lzire solar\u0103 modern\u0103 - c\u00e2t de mult\u0103 cerere de c\u0103ldur\u0103 poate fi satisf\u0103cut\u0103<\/h1>\n<p>De la locuitorii a\u0219ez\u0103rilor \u00eendep\u0103rtate de centru, pute\u021bi auzi adesea \u00eentrebarea, c\u00e2t de eficient\u0103 este \u00eenc\u0103lzirea cu un sistem solar? Totul \u021bine de disponibilitatea echipamentelor \u0219i, la prima vedere, de posibilitatea de a folosi energia solar\u0103 pentru \u00eenc\u0103lzirea spa\u021biului. Am luat deja \u00een considerare aceast\u0103 problem\u0103 \u00een publica\u021biile noastre. S\u0103 eviden\u021biem principalele puncte \u0219i concluzii.<\/p>\n<h3>Pere\u021bi \u0219i podele calde: \u00eenc\u0103lzire la temperatur\u0103 sc\u0103zut\u0103<\/h3>\n<p>Iarna, sistemul solar pentru toate anotimpurile este capabil s\u0103 \u00eenc\u0103lzeasc\u0103 lichidul de r\u0103cire doar p\u00e2n\u0103 la 30 de grade Celsius. \u00cenc\u0103lzirea radiatorului necesit\u0103 cel pu\u021bin 60 de grade Celsius. \u00cen acest caz, pute\u021bi utiliza tehnologia de \u00eenc\u0103lzire la temperatur\u0103 sc\u0103zut\u0103 - pere\u021bi \u0219i podele calde. \u00ce\u0219i fac treaba destul de bine \u0219i creeaz\u0103 o atmosfer\u0103 pl\u0103cut\u0103 cu umiditate moderat\u0103 datorit\u0103 convec\u021biei energiei radiante.<\/p>\n<p>Temperatura necesar\u0103 \u00een aceste scopuri este de 45 de grade Celsius. Cele 15 grade lips\u0103 pot fi ob\u021binute de la un cazan cu electrozi conectat la panouri solare monocristaline (nu sensibil la vremea \u00eennorat\u0103). Cu ajutorul lor, pute\u021bi ob\u021bine 2-3 kW de energie pentru func\u021bionarea autonom\u0103 a cazanului. Cazanul va fi conectat la anumite valori de temperatur\u0103 ale lichidului de r\u0103cire pentru a le oferi cantitatea necesar\u0103 de c\u0103ldur\u0103. \u00cen acela\u0219i timp, un astfel de sistem \u00een timpul iernii nu poate fi numit sigur, f\u0103r\u0103 probleme \u0219i func\u021bional f\u0103r\u0103 probleme. \u00cen orice moment, puterea echipamentului de \u00eenc\u0103lzire poate s\u0103 nu sune.<\/p>\n<h2>\u00cenc\u0103lzire solar\u0103 cu boiler de rezerv\u0103: diagram\u0103<\/h2>\n<p>\u00cenc\u0103lzirea de interes de c\u0103tre sistemul solar nu asigur\u0103 suficient\u0103 c\u0103ldur\u0103 \u00een regiunile nordice pentru a \u00eenc\u0103lzi radiatoarele de leg\u0103tur\u0103, dar poate deveni o surs\u0103 de energie termic\u0103 pentru \u00eenc\u0103lzirea la temperatur\u0103 sc\u0103zut\u0103. Energia lips\u0103 va trebui ob\u021binut\u0103 din surse externe, ob\u021binute \u201everzi\u201d sau din re\u021bele centrale de inginerie.<\/p>\n<p>Incalzirea propusa printr-un sistem solar cu boiler cu electrozi de rezerva, alimentat de panouri solare, trebuie completata cu surse de caldura de urgenta. De exemplu, \u0219eminee sau \u00eenc\u0103peri cu combustibil solid. O pomp\u0103 de c\u0103ldur\u0103 scump\u0103 poate \u00eendeplini \u0219i aceast\u0103 func\u021bie. Dar costul instal\u0103rii acestuia este destul de mare, astfel \u00eenc\u00e2t combina\u021bia de surse de c\u0103ldur\u0103 \u201everzi\u201d \u00een acest caz este neprofitabil\u0103 din punct de vedere financiar.<\/p>\n<p>\u00cenc\u0103lzirea solar\u0103 cu boiler cu electrozi poate fi utilizat\u0103 pentru \u00eenc\u0103lzire:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>bazin;<\/li>\n<li>sere;<\/li>\n<li>terase;<\/li>\n<li>\u00eenc\u0103perile utilitare \u00een care nu este necesar\u0103 o temperatur\u0103 confortabil\u0103.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u00cen alte cazuri, utilizarea unei solu\u021bii tehnologice este neprofitabil\u0103 din punct de vedere economic, dar poate fi folosit\u0103 pentru a men\u021bine temperatura aerului \u00een \u00eenc\u0103peri \u00een afara sezonului.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_2762\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-2762\" style=\"width: 700px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1c5779b3c32faccf9cdcff8676c88f40.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-2762\" src=\"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1c5779b3c32faccf9cdcff8676c88f40.jpg\" alt=\"Principiul conect\u0103rii unui sistem solar cu un cazan de rezerv\u0103\" width=\"700\" height=\"525\" title=\"- -\"><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-2762\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Principiul conect\u0103rii unui sistem solar cu un cazan de rezerv\u0103<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h2>\u00cenc\u0103lzire \u0219i ACM \u00eentr-un sistem cu rezervor tampon<\/h2>\n<p>\u00cenc\u0103lzirea cu sistem solar este de interes, de regul\u0103, pentru acei proprietari de case care folosesc energia solar\u0103 pentru tratarea apei calde vara. Simplitatea ob\u021binerii c\u0103ldurii \u0219i temperatura ridicat\u0103 a apei creeaz\u0103 o impresie fals\u0103 c\u0103 astfel se poate \u00eenc\u0103lzi lichidul de r\u0103cire \u00een sistemul de \u00eenc\u0103lzire. Totu\u0219i, totul arat\u0103 mult mai prozaic, iarna, c\u00e2nd este \u00eennorat, sistemul solar cre\u0219te temperatura lichidului, dar nu suficient pentru \u00eenc\u0103lzire. \u00cen acest caz, indicatorul de temperatur\u0103 se modific\u0103 \u00een func\u021bie de luminozitatea unei zile \u00eensorite.<\/p>\n<p>Schema termic\u0103 propus\u0103 se bazeaz\u0103 pe func\u021bionarea unui rezervor tampon care \u00eenc\u0103lze\u0219te lichidul de r\u0103cire \u0219i apa cald\u0103 pentru utilizare. \u00cen unele solu\u021bii de inginerie, acumulatorul este \u00eenlocuit cu un cazan de \u00eenc\u0103lzire indirect\u0103. Diferen\u021ba const\u0103 \u00een furnizarea direct\u0103 sau indirect\u0103 de c\u0103ldur\u0103. Sistemele de \u00eenc\u0103lzire menajer\u0103 pot fi rezolvate \u00een diferite moduri, dar principiul general de func\u021bionare va fi p\u0103strat.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_2213\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-2213\" style=\"width: 300px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/photo_2020-10-28_08-34-29.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-2213 size-medium\" src=\"http:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/photo_2020-10-28_08-34-29-300x300.jpg\" alt=\"Cazan pe combustibil solid FOCUS 65\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" title=\"- -\"><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-2213\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><a href=\"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/ro\/product-category\/piroliznye-tverdotoplivnye-kotly-focus\/\">Cazan pe combustibil solid FOCUS 65<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Vara, apa calda va veni din sistemul solar pentru tratarea apei calde si incalzire. Acest lucru este necesar \u00een perioada septembrie-decembrie. C\u00e2nd temperatura scade, se conecteaz\u0103 <a href=\"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/ro\/product-category\/tverdotoplivnye-pelletnye-kotly\/\">cazan pe pele\u021bi FOCUS<\/a>... Datorit\u0103 controlului microcontrolerului, acesta poate furniza c\u0103ldur\u0103 sistemului dac\u0103 este insuficient\u0103.<\/p>\n<p>Avantaje<a href=\"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/ro\/product-category\/tverdotoplivnye-kotly-dlya-gorelok\/\"> cazane pe combustibil solid FOCUS<\/a>:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>arz\u0103tor modulator;<\/li>\n<li>schimbare continu\u0103 a temperaturii lichidului de r\u0103cire;<\/li>\n<li>racord arzator pentru incalzire la temperatura joasa.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Incalzirea propusa din sistemul solar este completata de functionarea unui cazan autonom performant si de inalta temperatura. Cu ajutorul acestuia, pute\u021bi oferi indicatori confortabili de temperatur\u0103 \u0219i \u00eenc\u0103lzire f\u0103r\u0103 probleme iarna.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_2255\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-2255\" style=\"width: 661px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/image53.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-2255\" src=\"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/image53.png\" alt=\"Exemple de scheme de conducte hidraulice pentru cazane specializate pe pele\u021bi FOCUS - cu tampon termic\" width=\"661\" height=\"327\" title=\"- -\"><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-2255\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Exemple de scheme de conducte hidraulice pentru cazane specializate pe pele\u021bi FOCUS - cu tampon termic, la care se poate conecta un sistem solar<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a class=\"button24\" href=\"\/ro\/services\/\">Comanda o camera de cazane cu tampon termic<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0421\u043e\u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043e\u0442\u043e\u043f\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0433\u0435\u043b\u0438\u043e\u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0439 \u2013 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0443\u0434\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043f\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0432 \u0442\u0435\u043f\u043b\u0435 \u041e\u0442 \u0436\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0439 \u043e\u0442\u0434\u0430\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043e\u0442 \u0446\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0440\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u043d\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043a\u043e \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0443\u0441\u043b\u044b\u0448\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0432\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441, \u043d\u0430\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u044d\u0444\u0444\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e \u043e\u0442\u043e\u043f\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0433\u0435\u043b\u0438\u043e\u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0439? \u0412\u0441\u0435 \u0434\u0435\u043b\u043e \u0432 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043e\u0431\u043e\u0440\u0443\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0438, \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u044b\u0439 \u0432\u0437\u0433\u043b\u044f\u0434, \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u044d\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0433\u0438\u0438 \u0441\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0446\u0430 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043e\u0431\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0435\u0432\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439. \u042d\u0442\u043e\u0442 \u0432\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441 \u043c\u044b \u0443\u0436\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u0432 \u043d\u0430\u0448\u0438\u0445 \u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f\u0445. \u0412\u044b\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0438\u043c \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044b \u0438 \u0432\u044b\u0432\u043e\u0434\u044b. \u0422\u0435\u043f\u043b\u044b\u0435 [&#8230;]\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2761,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[18],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2760","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-sovremennye-sistemy-otopleniya"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2760","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2760"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2760\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2761"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2760"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2760"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2760"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}