{"id":2714,"date":"2020-12-15T00:17:41","date_gmt":"2020-12-14T22:17:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/?p=2714"},"modified":"2020-12-15T00:17:41","modified_gmt":"2020-12-14T22:17:41","slug":"avtonomnoe-otoplenie-est-li-konkurenty-u-tverdotoplivnyh-kotlov","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/ro\/avtonomnoe-otoplenie-est-li-konkurenty-u-tverdotoplivnyh-kotlov\/","title":{"rendered":"\u00cenc\u0103lzire autonom\u0103: exist\u0103 concuren\u021bi pentru cazanele pe combustibil solid"},"content":{"rendered":"<h1>Este posibil s\u0103 se realizeze \u00eenc\u0103lzire autonom\u0103 f\u0103r\u0103 o surs\u0103 de c\u0103ldur\u0103 cu combustibil solid? Op\u021biuni \u0219i pre\u021buri<\/h1>\n<p>Acum, printre profesioni\u0219ti \u0219i proprietari de case, pute\u021bi auzi adesea o discu\u021bie despre cum s\u0103 implementa\u021bi \u00eenc\u0103lzirea complet autonom\u0103. Acest concept presupune nu doar absen\u021ba conexiunii externe la re\u021belele de alimentare cu c\u0103ldur\u0103 sau utilizarea energiei electrice \u00een aceste scopuri, ci \u0219i automatizarea sistemului de alimentare cu c\u0103ldur\u0103, care asigur\u0103 economii semnificative. Direc\u021bia tehnologic\u0103 este, de asemenea, str\u00e2ns legat\u0103 de conceptul de cas\u0103 pasiv\u0103 care necesit\u0103 \u00eenc\u0103lzire minim\u0103 iarna.<\/p>\n<p>Din p\u0103cate, majoritatea propunerilor de utilizare a \u00eenc\u0103lzirii geotermale \u0219i a energiei solare nu rezist\u0103 criticilor aduse unei instala\u021bii din lumea real\u0103. Acelea\u0219i pompe de c\u0103ldur\u0103 promovate au limit\u0103rile lor \u0219i func\u021bioneaz\u0103 la temperaturi nu mai mici de -25 \u00b0 C. Acest lucru, dup\u0103 cum \u00een\u021belege\u021bi, nu este suficient nici m\u0103car \u00een zona de mijloc a continentului nostru. Centralele solare \u0219i sistemele geotermale men\u021bionate mai sus pot fi folosite doar ca auxiliare \u0219i reduc semnificativ consumul de energie \u00een timpul sezonului de \u00eenc\u0103lzire. Alternativa r\u0103m\u00e2ne combustibilul solid, accesul la care este simplificat \u00een special pentru proprietarii de terenuri \u00eendep\u0103rtate de ora\u0219.<\/p>\n<h2>Compara\u021bia pre\u021burilor pentru instalarea ini\u021bial\u0103 a sistemelor de \u00eenc\u0103lzire \u201everzi\u201d.<\/h2>\n<p>\u00cen mod implicit, \u00eenc\u0103lzirea geotermal\u0103 \u0219i solar\u0103 se distinge prin instalarea costisitoare \u0219i func\u021bionarea aproape gratuit\u0103. S\u0103 ne d\u0103m seama c\u00e2t cost\u0103 \u00eenc\u0103lzirea geotermal\u0103. Aceast\u0103 tehnologie este acum asociat\u0103 cu o pomp\u0103 de c\u0103ldur\u0103, de\u0219i aceasta nu este singura implementare. <strong>Costul total al achizi\u021bion\u0103rii \u0219i instal\u0103rii echipamentelor de \u00eenc\u0103lzire geotermal\u0103 cu o astfel de v\u00e2nzare este de aproximativ 8.000 de euro. <\/strong>Pre\u021bul unei astfel de \u00eenc\u0103lziri autonome poate diferi \u00een func\u021bie de locul de cump\u0103rare \u0219i de modelul de pomp\u0103 selectat.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_2718\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-2718\" style=\"width: 625px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/teplovoy-nasos-gruntovoy.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-2718\" src=\"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/teplovoy-nasos-gruntovoy.jpg\" alt=\"Incalzire autonoma: casa cu sistem de incalzire geotermal cu instalatie compacta\" width=\"625\" height=\"678\" title=\"- -\"><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-2718\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Casa cu sistem de incalzire geotermal cu instalatie compacta<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><strong>Dezavantajul unei pompe de c\u0103ldur\u0103 este limita de temperatur\u0103 de iarn\u0103 \u00een timpul func\u021bion\u0103rii normale. Ele corespund semnului -25<\/strong>\u00ba<strong>CU.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1-geotermalnoe-otoplenie.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-2719\" src=\"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1-geotermalnoe-otoplenie.jpg\" alt=\"\u00cenc\u0103lzire autonom\u0103 pe baz\u0103 de sistem geotermal\" width=\"636\" height=\"472\" title=\"- -\"><\/a><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_2720\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-2720\" style=\"width: 640px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/67897-1.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-2720 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/67897-1.jpg\" alt=\"\u00cenc\u0103lzire autonom\u0103: op\u021biuni pentru instalarea unui sistem geotermal.\" width=\"640\" height=\"576\" title=\"- -\"><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-2720\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u00cenc\u0103lzire autonom\u0103: op\u021biuni pentru instalarea unui sistem geotermal.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h2>\u00cenc\u0103lzire solar\u0103<\/h2>\n<p>\u00cenc\u0103lzirea solar\u0103 se realizeaz\u0103 folosind sisteme solare modulare \u0219i colectoare solare. Pentru sarcinile de \u00eenc\u0103lzire, este necesar un sistem solar pentru toate anotimpurile (sezonalitatea de utilizare este indicat\u0103 \u00een toate produsele din aceast\u0103 clas\u0103). Modelele pentru toate anotimpurile pot acumula c\u0103ldur\u0103 solar\u0103 chiar \u0219i \u00een perioadele cu \u00eennor\u0103ri puternice. Calculul este efectuat de volumul lichidului de r\u0103cire, deoarece volumul de c\u0103ldur\u0103 este neuniform. \u00cenc\u0103lzirea autonom\u0103 de la soare este adesea combinat\u0103 cu \u00eenc\u0103lzirea electric\u0103, dar v\u0103 permite s\u0103 economisi\u021bi bine energia electric\u0103 \u00een afara sezonului.<\/p>\n<p>Pentru a utiliza \u00eenc\u0103lzirea solar\u0103, ve\u021bi avea nevoie de 2 p\u00e2n\u0103 la 4 instala\u021bii solare care asigur\u0103 un total de aproximativ 400 de litri de lichid de r\u0103cire \u00eenc\u0103lzit. Costul unui astfel de echipament variaz\u0103 \u00eentre 50-100 mii grivne. <strong>Costurile maxime pentru \u00eenc\u0103lzirea solar\u0103 vor fi mai mici - aproximativ 3600 de euro.<\/strong><\/p>\n<h3>Incalzire solara si incalzire la temperatura joasa<\/h3>\n<p>Dezavantajul sistemului solar este cantitatea imprevizibil\u0103 de c\u0103ldur\u0103 \u00een timpul iernii. \u00cen acela\u0219i timp, conform statisticilor, \u00eenc\u0103lzirea lichidului de r\u0103cire nu dep\u0103\u0219e\u0219te 30 \u00b0 C. Ceea ce, vede\u021bi, nu este suficient pentru \u00eenc\u0103lzirea normal\u0103 a spa\u021biilor chiar \u0219i \u00een extrasezon. Dar sistemele solare pot fi recomandate proprietarilor de propriet\u0103\u021bi care folosesc \u00eenc\u0103lzirea la temperatur\u0103 joas\u0103 \u00een combina\u021bie cu electricitatea sau \u00eenc\u0103lzirea sobei-\u0219emineu \u00een perioadele de \u00eenghe\u021b. \u00cen aceste scopuri va fi interesant <a href=\"\/ro\/teplye-steny-nizkotemperaturnyj-obogrev-doma\/\"><strong>tehnologie de perete cald<\/strong><\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>A\u0219adar, dac\u0103 dori\u021bi s\u0103 v\u0103 face\u021bi o \u00eenc\u0103lzire la temperatur\u0103 sc\u0103zut\u0103 \u0219i s\u0103 fi\u021bi \u00eenc\u0103lzit \u00een perioada de \u00eenghe\u021b cu sobe \u0219i \u0219eminee cu focar din font\u0103 (400 de euro pe unitate), aceasta va fi suficient\u0103 pentru a \u00eenc\u0103lzi casa. Pentru a men\u021bine o temperatur\u0103 confortabil\u0103 acas\u0103 pentru 200 mp. m poti cumpara doua seminee. Costul va fi de 800 de euro. Cu ajutorul cuptoarelor din font\u0103, \u00eenc\u0103lzirea cu aer la etajul doi este adesea organizat\u0103.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00cen total, costul implement\u0103rii unei astfel de \u00eenc\u0103lziri autonome, care func\u021bioneaz\u0103 pe sistem solar \u0219i \u0219eminee din font\u0103, nu va dep\u0103\u0219i 4200 de euro.<\/strong> Totu\u0219i, este de 2 ori mai ieftin dec\u00e2t cump\u0103rarea unei pompe de c\u0103ldur\u0103.<\/p>\n<h2>Pele\u021bi de combustibil - cea mai bun\u0103 op\u021biune pentru combustibilii solizi regenerabili<\/h2>\n<p>Compararea \u00eenc\u0103lzirii geotermale \u0219i solare este posibil\u0103 numai cu o surs\u0103 de combustibil care poate fi ob\u021binut\u0103 pentru fermele \u00eendep\u0103rtate f\u0103r\u0103 costuri suplimentare. Evident, dar lemnul clasic \u0219i c\u0103rbunele nu pot fi luate \u00een considerare \u00een acest rol. Dar \u00een aceste scopuri, pele\u021bii sau pele\u021bii de combustibil sunt destul de potriviti.<\/p>\n<p>Acestea pot fi realizate din a\u0219chii de lemn, iarb\u0103, diverse de\u0219euri agricole, care sunt disponibile \u00een cantit\u0103\u021bi suficiente la ferme. Am vorbit despre asta \u00eentr-o publica\u021bie separat\u0103, cum se face <a href=\"\/ro\/besplatnoe-avtonomnoe-otoplenie-dlya-ferm-i-domov\/\"><strong>\u00eenc\u0103lzire autonom\u0103 gratuit\u0103<\/strong><\/a> \u0219i costurile de operare comparabile cu sistemele solare \u0219i geotermale.<\/p>\n<p>Una dintre problemele auto-recolt\u0103rii \u0219i produc\u021biei de pele\u021bi \u00een ferm\u0103 este con\u021binutul instabil \u0219i mai mare de cenu\u0219\u0103 al combustibilului. Din acest motiv, nu pot fi instalate cazane str\u0103ine proiectate pentru un indicator nu mai mare de 1%.<\/p>\n<p>Dar exist\u0103 o alternativ\u0103...<\/p>\n<h2><a href=\"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/ro\/categorie-produs\/tverdotoplivnye-kotly-dlya-gorelok\/\">Cazane pe combustibil solid FOCUS<\/a> cu adaptor usa pt <a href=\"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/ro\/categorie-produs\/pelletnye-gorelki-focus\/\">arzatoare pe peleti<\/a><\/h2>\n<p>Pele\u021bii sunt combustibili solizi regenerabili. Ele pot fi recoltate f\u0103r\u0103 activit\u0103\u021bi de exploatare forestier\u0103 \u0219i f\u0103r\u0103 \u00eenc\u0103lcarea legii defri\u0219\u0103rilor. Acesta este un plus semnificativ \u00een compara\u021bie cu c\u0103rbunele, brichetele \u0219i lemnul, care sunt folosite pentru \u00eenc\u0103lzirea clasic\u0103 cu combustibil solid. Atunci c\u00e2nd cump\u0103ra\u021bi combustibil pe pele\u021bi certificat conform standardelor europene, economiile pe kilowatt \u00een compara\u021bie cu gazul vor fi de 50%.<\/p>\n<p>\u00cen cazul auto-recolt\u0103rii din de\u0219euri agricole \u0219i ramuri, combustibilul pele\u021bi este gratuit. Totodata, indiferent de continutul de cenusa, poate fi folosit pentru incalzirea unei case sau a unei ferme folosind cazane cu combustibil solid FOCUS cu arzator pe peleti. Pentru \u00eenc\u0103lzirea unei case cu o suprafa\u021b\u0103 de 100 mp. m va fi necesar \u00een timpul sezonului de \u00eenc\u0103lzire <a href=\"\/ro\/zhizn-v-dome-na-minimalnoj-moshhnosti-15-17-kvt\/\">2-3 tone de pelete<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Echipamentul este furnizat cu un modul pele\u021bi. Costul initial al instalatiei este de aproximativ 3.000 de euro.<\/strong><\/p>\n<h3>Particularit\u0103\u021bi<\/h3>\n<p>Propusul <a href=\"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/ro\/categorie-produs\/piroliznye-tverdotoplivnye-kotly-focus\/\">cazane pe combustibil solid FOCUS<\/a> pot fi clasificate ca echipamente prietenoase cu mediul. Tehnologia folosit\u0103 de ardere volumetric\u0103 cu ajutorul unui arz\u0103tor pe pele\u021bi permite arderea complet\u0103 a combustibilului. Acest lucru se \u00eent\u00e2mpl\u0103 \u00eempreun\u0103 cu produsele secundare de ardere, oferind un transfer ridicat de c\u0103ldur\u0103.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_2231\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-2231\" style=\"width: 647px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/dsc_4482-scaled-e1604134005952.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-2231\" src=\"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/dsc_4482-1024x1024.jpg\" alt=\"Cazan pe pelete FOCUS 65\" width=\"647\" height=\"671\" title=\"- -\"><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-2231\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Cazan pe pelete FOCUS 65<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>\u00cen acela\u0219i timp, cazanele cu combustibil solid FOCUS pot furniza suficient\u0103 c\u0103ldur\u0103 pentru a \u00eenc\u0103lzi lichidul de r\u0103cire iarna. Microcontrolerul Plum EcoMAX instalat \u00een combina\u021bie cu echipamentele aferente permite utilizarea unui sistem de control al climatiz\u0103rii controlat de la distan\u021b\u0103. Ca urmare, solu\u021bia bazat\u0103 pe centrala FOCUS dep\u0103\u0219e\u0219te \u00eenc\u0103lzirea pe gaz din punct de vedere al nivelului de confort, iar costul de func\u021bionare este mult mai ieftin. Sau practic gratuit.<\/p>\n<p>Cazanele pe pele\u021bi FOCUS sunt disponibile cu capacit\u0103\u021bi de la 6 la 500 kW. Gama oferit\u0103 de modele de uz casnic v\u0103 permite s\u0103 \u00eenc\u0103lzi\u021bi gospod\u0103riile mari. Dac\u0103 este nevoie de instalarea unei cazane de \u00eenalt\u0103 performan\u021b\u0103 pentru a satisface nevoile unui hotel, un ora\u0219 de cabane, capacitatea bazat\u0103 pe o camer\u0103 de cazane \u00een cascad\u0103 poate fi m\u0103rit\u0103 la 2,2 MW.<\/p>\n<p>\u00cenc\u0103lzirea autonom\u0103 pe cazane pe pele\u021bi FOCUS la un pre\u021b de instalare mai mic poate fi gratuit\u0103 \u00een timpul func\u021bion\u0103rii. \u00cen acela\u0219i timp, nu are restric\u021bii de temperatur\u0103.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Echipamente de \u00eenc\u0103lzire FOCUS este o solu\u021bie bine g\u00e2ndit\u0103 pentru sistemele de \u00eenc\u0103lzire individuale \u0219i comunale. Se caracterizeaz\u0103 prin costuri reduse de exploatare pentru regiunile cu ierni reci.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a class=\"button24\" href=\"\/ro\/services\/\">Comanda o camera de cazane pe peleti pentru casa<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a class=\"button24\" href=\"\/ro\/services\/\">Comanda o camera de cazane pe peleti pentru un hotel<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a class=\"button24\" href=\"\/ro\/services\/\">Ob\u021bine\u021bi un proiect de cazane pentru sat<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u043b\u0438 \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0430\u0432\u0442\u043e\u043d\u043e\u043c\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043e\u0442\u043e\u043f\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u0442\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0434\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043f\u043b\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u0442\u0435\u043f\u043b\u0430? \u0412\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043d\u0442\u044b \u0438 \u0446\u0435\u043d\u044b \u0421\u0435\u0439\u0447\u0430\u0441 \u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0444\u0435\u0441\u0441\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0432 \u0438 \u0432\u043b\u0430\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0446\u0435\u0432 \u0434\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0432 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e \u0443\u0441\u043b\u044b\u0448\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043e\u0431\u0441\u0443\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435, \u043a\u0430\u043a\u0438\u043c \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u043c \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c\u044e \u0430\u0432\u0442\u043e\u043d\u043e\u043c\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043e\u0442\u043e\u043f\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435. \u042d\u0442\u043e \u043f\u043e\u043d\u044f\u0442\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0443\u043c\u0435\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043d\u0435 \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u043e\u0442\u0441\u0443\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0435 \u0432\u043d\u0435\u0448\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043a \u0441\u0435\u0442\u044f\u043c \u0442\u0435\u043f\u043b\u043e\u0441\u043d\u0430\u0431\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u044d\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u044d\u0442\u0438\u0445 \u0446\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0439, \u043d\u043e \u0438 \u0430\u0432\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044e \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0447\u0438 \u0442\u0435\u043f\u043b\u0430, \u043e\u0431\u0435\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0447\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0439 \u0441\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0443\u044e \u044d\u043a\u043e\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0438\u044e. [&#8230;]\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2716,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[18],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2714","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-sovremennye-sistemy-otopleniya"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2714","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2714"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2714\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2716"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2714"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2714"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2714"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}