{"id":1691,"date":"2020-08-17T13:08:21","date_gmt":"2020-08-17T11:08:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/?p=1691"},"modified":"2020-08-17T13:08:21","modified_gmt":"2020-08-17T11:08:21","slug":"teploobmennyj-kontur-svoimi-rukami-i-pelletnaya-gorelka-dlya-kotlov","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/ro\/teploobmennyj-kontur-svoimi-rukami-i-pelletnaya-gorelka-dlya-kotlov\/","title":{"rendered":"Circuit de schimb termic si arzator pe peleti pentru cazane"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Circuit de schimb termic si arzator pe peleti pentru cazane<\/p>\n<h2>Cazan pt <a href=\"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/ro\/categorie-produs\/tverdotoplivnye-kotly-dlya-gorelok\/\">arzator pe peleti<\/a> F\u0103-o singur<\/h2>\n<p>\u00cen publica\u021biile noastre, am ridicat \u00een mod repetat problema c\u0103 un arz\u0103tor puternic pe pele\u021bi pentru cazane nu rezolv\u0103 problema eficien\u021bei ridicate. Este important s\u0103 se ia \u00een considerare circuitul de schimb de c\u0103ldur\u0103 ca un proiect important al cazanului. Ast\u0103zi v\u0103 vom spune despre proiectarea cazanului-cuptor al inginerului de \u00eenc\u0103lzire Rusinov, familiarizarea cu care va dezv\u0103lui multe secrete ale structurii interne a unui cazan cu pele\u021bi de \u00eenalt\u0103 performan\u021b\u0103.<\/p>\n<p>Va fi vorba despre un schimb\u0103tor de c\u0103ldur\u0103 capabil s\u0103 transfere energie termic\u0103 maxim\u0103 c\u0103tre ap\u0103 sau alt purt\u0103tor de c\u0103ldur\u0103. Cazanul este proiectat pentru \u00eenc\u0103rcarea minelor cu combustibil lemnos, dar poate fi adaptat pentru un arz\u0103tor pe pele\u021bi. \u00cen acest caz, \u00een partea inferioar\u0103 a camerei de ardere este instalat un arz\u0103tor de pele\u021bi pentru cazane, alimentarea cu pele\u021bi este asigurat\u0103 automat din bunc\u0103r.<\/p>\n<h2>Cum a ap\u0103rut legendarul schimb\u0103tor de c\u0103ldur\u0103 Rusinov<\/h2>\n<p>G. Rusinov a fost un inginer profesionist de \u00eenc\u0103lzire \u0219i cunoa\u0219te bine diverse modele de cuptoare. Caracteristica lor este de a acumula c\u0103ldur\u0103 \u00een brut. Cu toate acestea, odat\u0103 cu popularitatea tot mai mare a \u00eenc\u0103lzirii cu ap\u0103 cald\u0103, sobele masive au devenit un element nedorit al structurilor de construc\u021bie. Din ce \u00een ce mai mul\u021bi prieteni l-au \u00eentrebat pe Rusinov cum s\u0103 fac\u0103 un cazan, eficient \u0219i compact.<\/p>\n<p>Inginerul a remarcat c\u0103 apa are o capacitate termic\u0103 mare, care dep\u0103\u0219e\u0219te de 5 ori capacitatea de c\u0103ldur\u0103 a c\u0103r\u0103mizilor cuptorului. Dar pentru a transfera c\u0103ldura \u00een ap\u0103 este nevoie de o suprafa\u021b\u0103 mare de \u00eenc\u0103lzire, ceea ce, ca urmare, are schimb\u0103torul de c\u0103ldur\u0103 al lui Rusinov. Este un record de 3 m2. Acest indicator v\u0103 permite s\u0103 realiza\u021bi un \u00eenc\u0103lzitor proiectat pentru 18.000 kcal \/ h sau 21 kW. Ce este suficient pentru \u00eenc\u0103lzirea a 240 de metri cubi dintr-o camer\u0103.<\/p>\n<p>Imaginile prezint\u0103 designul cazanului, care poate fi adaptat la instalarea unui arz\u0103tor pe pele\u021bi, economisind la achizi\u021bionarea unui model din fabric\u0103.<\/p>\n<h2>Caracteristicile schimb\u0103torului de c\u0103ldur\u0103 Rusinov<\/h2>\n<p>Proiectarea schimbului de c\u0103ldur\u0103 implic\u0103 6 scuturi termice: 4 de radia\u021bie \u0219i 2 de convec\u021bie. Schimbatorul de caldura este realizat in asa fel incat lemnul sa arda in interiorul lui. C\u0103ldura c\u0103rbunilor este absorbit\u0103 de ecranul inferior, energia focului este absorbit\u0103 de 4 ecrane de radia\u021bii sub form\u0103 de trei r\u00e2nduri de \u021bevi.<\/p>\n<p>\u00cen plus, c\u0103ldura este preluat\u0103 prin convec\u021bie din produsele de ardere, care par s\u0103 spele \u00eenc\u0103 dou\u0103 ecrane de convec\u021bie \u0219i cilindrul superior. Apa cald\u0103 circul\u0103 \u00een sus \u00eentr-un recipient cilindric, care joac\u0103 un rol deosebit de pistol cu ap\u0103. Aici temperatura scade. \u00cen plus, apa cald\u0103, datorit\u0103 densit\u0103\u021bii sale mai mici dec\u00e2t apa rece, se deplaseaz\u0103 \u00een baterii \u0219i se \u00eentoarce \u00eenapoi. \u0218i se ob\u021bine circula\u021bia natural\u0103. Apa circul\u0103 normal prin \u021bevi f\u0103r\u0103 pomp\u0103, \u00een timp ce un foc arde \u00een focar.<\/p>\n<p>Acum \u00eencearc\u0103 s\u0103-l adaptezi pentru instalare <a href=\"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/ro\/categorie-produs\/pelletnye-gorelki-focus\/\">arzator pe peleti<\/a>... \u00cen acela\u0219i timp, dezavantajul este faptul c\u0103 ecranul inferior nu va fi par\u021bial implicat \u00een sistem, respectiv, condi\u021biile de circula\u021bie termodinamic\u0103 \u00een sistem se pot schimba.<\/p>\n<h2>Completa\u021bi cazanul cu canale de aer \u0219i ob\u021bine\u021bi un model combinat<\/h2>\n<p>Dac\u0103 completa\u021bi cazanul cu canale de aer \u00eenconjur\u0103toare, ca \u00een Bulerian, atunci pute\u021bi asigura \u0219i \u00eenc\u0103lzirea cu aer. Un astfel de cazan va dep\u0103\u0219i cu mult versiunile disponibile \u00een magazine. Puterea poate ajunge la 30 kW de energie ieftin\u0103, pe care o po\u021bi folosi la discre\u021bia ta.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/magic_stove_2.gif\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-large wp-image-1693\" src=\"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/magic_stove_2-763x1024.gif\" alt=\"- -\" width=\"763\" height=\"1024\" title=\"- -\"><\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/magic_stove_3.gif\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-1694\" src=\"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/magic_stove_3.gif\" alt=\"- -\" width=\"858\" height=\"982\" title=\"- -\"><\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/magic_stove_4.gif\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-1695\" src=\"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/magic_stove_4.gif\" alt=\"Schimbator de caldura Rusinov, piese de schimb\" width=\"517\" height=\"825\" title=\"- -\"><\/a><\/p>\n<h2>Test schimbator de caldura: poate fi montat <a href=\"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/ro\/produs-2\/pelletnaya-gorelka-2000-kvt-focus\/\">arzator pe peleti<\/a> pentru cazane<\/h2>\n<p>O structur\u0103 sudat\u0103 este proast\u0103, deoarece orice cus\u0103tur\u0103 se poate scurge. Pute\u021bi verifica cus\u0103turile dup\u0103 cum urmeaz\u0103:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>suda\u021bi schimb\u0103torul de c\u0103ldur\u0103 din partea de intrare inferioar\u0103;<\/li>\n<li>a umple cu ap\u0103;<\/li>\n<li>ie\u0219irea este conectat\u0103 la un recipient cu presiune controlat\u0103;<\/li>\n<li>circuitul de schimb de c\u0103ldur\u0103 este umplut cu aer comprimat la o presiune de 1 MPa (10 kg\/cm2).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Dup\u0103 testare, centrala combinat\u0103 este gata de func\u021bionare.<\/p>\n<p>\u00cen concluzie, compara\u021bi designul schimb\u0103torului de c\u0103ldur\u0103 Rusinov \u0219i al cazanului industrial al produc\u0103torului lituanian.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_1635\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-1635\" style=\"width: 1024px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/kalvis.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-large wp-image-1635\" src=\"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/kalvis-1024x474.png\" alt=\"Cazan pe combustibil solid Kalvis cumpara\" width=\"1024\" height=\"474\" title=\"- -\"><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-1635\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Cazanele Kalvis sunt foarte populare printre industrii. Au o eficien\u021b\u0103 ridicat\u0103 datorit\u0103 designului lor. Pe de o parte, acesta este un echipament de tip min\u0103 (ardere lung\u0103), pe de alt\u0103 parte, un cazan, care \u201epreia\u201d la maximum c\u0103ldur\u0103 din produsele de ardere. Cu toate acestea, pute\u021bi cump\u0103ra un cazan pe combustibil solid cu o eficien\u021b\u0103 mai mare pe care o ofer\u0103 marca FOCUS.<\/figcaption><\/figure>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0422\u0435\u043f\u043b\u043e\u043e\u0431\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0443\u0440 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u0440\u0443\u043a\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0438 \u043f\u0435\u043b\u043b\u0435\u0442\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0433\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043b\u043a\u0430 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043b\u043e\u0432 \u041a\u043e\u0442\u0435\u043b \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043f\u0435\u043b\u043b\u0435\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0433\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043b\u043a\u0438 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u0440\u0443\u043a\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0412 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0438\u0445 \u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f\u0445 \u043c\u044b \u043d\u0435\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043d\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u0432\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043c\u043e\u0449\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043f\u0435\u043b\u043b\u0435\u0442\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0433\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043b\u043a\u0430 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043b\u043e\u0432 \u043d\u0435 \u0440\u0435\u0448\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c\u044b \u0432\u044b\u0441\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u041a\u041f\u0414. \u0412\u0430\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0432 \u043a\u0430\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435 \u0432\u0430\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043b\u0430 \u0442\u0435\u043f\u043b\u043e\u043e\u0431\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0443\u0440. \u0421\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044f \u043c\u044b \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043c \u043e \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043b\u0430-\u043f\u0435\u0447\u0438 \u0438\u043d\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0430-\u0442\u0435\u043f\u043b\u043e\u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u0420\u0443\u0441\u0438\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430, \u043e\u0437\u043d\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043c\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0441 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0439 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043a\u0440\u043e\u0435\u0442 \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0435 [&#8230;]\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1692,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[7],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1691","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-novosti-vse-ob-otoplenii"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1691","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1691"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1691\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1692"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1691"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1691"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1691"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}