{"id":1662,"date":"2020-08-17T11:58:53","date_gmt":"2020-08-17T09:58:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/?p=1662"},"modified":"2020-08-17T11:58:53","modified_gmt":"2020-08-17T09:58:53","slug":"kak-ispolzovat-pellety-mozhno-li-topit-imi-kotly","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/ro\/kak-ispolzovat-pellety-mozhno-li-topit-imi-kotly\/","title":{"rendered":"Cum se folosesc pelete? Pot fi folosite cazane cu ele?"},"content":{"rendered":"

Ne d\u0103m seama cum s\u0103 folosim pele\u021bii \u00een practic\u0103<\/h1>\n

Mul\u021bi dintre cititorii no\u0219tri sunt interesa\u021bi de modul de utilizare a pele\u021bilor, indiferent dac\u0103 ace\u0219tia pot fi folosi\u021bi pentru a \u00eenc\u0103lzi cazane \u0219i sobe conven\u021bionale cu combustibil solid. \u00centreb\u0103rile se refer\u0103 la toate tipurile de pele\u021bi, inclusiv, p\u00e2n\u0103 acum, pele\u021bi de lignin\u0103 rar utiliza\u021bi, dar care ofer\u0103 o capacitate termic\u0103 ridicat\u0103 \u00een timpul arderii.<\/p>\n

Cert este c\u0103 la arderea combustibilului pele\u021bi \u00een aparatele clasice de \u00eenc\u0103lzire (f\u0103r\u0103 arz\u0103tor), con\u021binutul de cenu\u0219\u0103 poate ajunge la 60%. \u00cen plus, con\u021binutul ini\u021bial de cenu\u0219\u0103 al pele\u021bilor nu dep\u0103\u0219e\u0219te 5%. Chestia este c\u0103 sobele conven\u021bionale nu pot asigura intensitatea necesar\u0103 de ardere \u0219i piroliza dup\u0103 arderea combustibilului, a\u0219a cum este implementat\u0103 \u00een arz\u0103toarele pe pele\u021bi.<\/p>\n

Cele mai importante caracteristici ale pele\u021bilor: capacitatea termic\u0103 \u0219i con\u021binutul de cenu\u0219\u0103<\/h2>\n

Pentru fabricarea pele\u021bilor se poate folosi orice materie prim\u0103, p\u00e2n\u0103 la gunoi \u0219i excremente de animale. \u00cen acest caz, combustibilul granular ob\u021binut va diferi prin puterea caloric\u0103 \u0219i con\u021binutul de cenu\u0219\u0103. Acestea sunt cele mai importante caracteristici ale acestei materii prime.<\/p>\n

standardele europene<\/h3>\n

Doar pele\u021bii cu un con\u021binut de cenu\u0219\u0103 de 0,5-0,7% pot fi furniza\u021bi pe pia\u021ba european\u0103 conform standardelor EN Plus A-1 \u0219i EN Plus A-2. \u00cen practic\u0103, la v\u00e2nzare \u00een Ucraina, pute\u021bi g\u0103si multe oferte de pelete de combustibil cu un con\u021binut de cenu\u0219\u0103 de 4-5%. De regul\u0103, con\u021binutul ridicat de cenu\u0219\u0103 este caracteristic materiilor prime cu consum mare de c\u0103ldur\u0103, dar nu \u00eentotdeauna. De exemplu, pele\u021bii de lemn asigur\u0103 18-23 MJ\/kg de c\u0103ldur\u0103, dar nu dep\u0103\u0219esc con\u021binutul de cenu\u0219\u0103 din standardele EN Plus A-1 \u0219i EN Plus A-2.<\/p>\n

Pia\u021ba ucrainean\u0103<\/h3>\n

Pele\u021bii din coji de floarea soarelui sunt deosebit de populari pe pia\u021ba ucrainean\u0103. Con\u021binutul lor de cenu\u0219\u0103 este 3% cu o c\u0103ldur\u0103 generat\u0103 \u00een timpul arderii de 21 MJ\/kg. Aceast\u0103 cifr\u0103 este comparabil\u0103 cu c\u0103rbunele brun. Pele\u021bii din lignin\u0103 au o capacitate termic\u0103 mai mare, c\u0103ldura lor de ardere este de 5500 de kilocalorii \u0219i este comparabil\u0103 cu caracteristicile c\u0103rbunelui de nuc \u201eAntracit\u201d. \u00cen acela\u0219i timp, con\u021binutul de cenu\u0219\u0103 este mai mare - 10%.<\/p>\n

Cu c\u00e2t este mai mare con\u021binutul de cenu\u0219\u0103, cu at\u00e2t sunt mai mari cerin\u021bele pentru echipamentele de \u00eenc\u0103lzire. Chiar arzatoare pe peleti<\/a> trebuie echipat cu un sistem de curatare. Atunci c\u00e2nd utiliza\u021bi pele\u021bi de lemn cu con\u021binut sc\u0103zut de cenu\u0219\u0103, pute\u021bi achizi\u021biona echipamente de pele\u021bi mai ieftine \u0219i pute\u021bi utiliza pele\u021bi catalitici pentru cur\u0103\u021bare.<\/p>\n

\u00cen plus, la arderea ligninei \u00een cuptoare \u0219i cazane cu combustibil solid<\/a> se va sim\u021bi un miros nepl\u0103cut, combustibilul se aprinde rapid, iar praful de lignin\u0103 generat prezint\u0103 riscuri explozive. Aceste caracteristici sunt tipice pentru alte tipuri de combustibil, dar condi\u021biile specifice de ardere, care, de exemplu, sunt furnizate de arz\u0103toarele cu pele\u021bi FOCUS \u0219i modelele de \u00eenalt\u0103 tehnologie ale altor produc\u0103tori, lupt\u0103 \u00eempotriva acestor probleme cu piroliz\u0103 dup\u0103 ardere. Aceast\u0103 posibilitate este indisponibil\u0103 din punct de vedere tehnologic \u00een cuptoare \u0219i cazane conven\u021bionale cu combustibil solid.<\/p>\n

Din acest motiv, totu\u0219i, granulele de pele\u021bi ar trebui folosite \u00een scopul pentru care sunt destinate, \u00een cazane pe pele\u021bi sau \u00een cazane cu\u00a0 arzatoare pe peleti.<\/a><\/p>\n

.<\/p>\n

Cum se folosesc pelete? Cum s\u0103 \u00eenlocui\u021bi lemnul de foc \u00een cazane \u0219i cuptoare<\/h2>\n

Brichetele de combustibil pot fi folosite pentru a \u00eenc\u0103lzi sobe \u0219i cazane. Cu toate acestea, merit\u0103 s\u0103 acorda\u021bi aten\u021bie scopului lor, precum \u0219i caracteristicilor men\u021bionate - con\u021binutul de cenu\u0219\u0103 \u0219i c\u0103ldura de ardere. Cu un con\u021binut ridicat de cenu\u0219\u0103, cuptoarele \u0219i cazanele trebuie cur\u0103\u021bate \u00een mod regulat, deoarece depunerile de carbon formate au o conductivitate termic\u0103 sc\u0103zut\u0103. Ca urmare, eficien\u021ba deja sc\u0103zut\u0103 a cazanelor \u0219i cuptoarelor de clas\u0103 economic\u0103 este redus\u0103.<\/p>\n

Utilizarea cu competen\u021b\u0103 a dispozitivelor clasice de \u00eenc\u0103lzire presupune alegerea combustibilului cu con\u021binut sc\u0103zut de cenu\u015f\u0103 \u0219i utilizarea cur\u0103\u021b\u0103rii catalitice prin arderea granulelor \u0219i aditivilor speciali.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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