{"id":1577,"date":"2020-08-11T22:36:03","date_gmt":"2020-08-11T20:36:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/?p=1577"},"modified":"2020-08-11T22:36:03","modified_gmt":"2020-08-11T20:36:03","slug":"drevesnye-pellety-i-ih-zolnost-kakova-sistema-ochistki","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/ro\/drevesnye-pellety-i-ih-zolnost-kakova-sistema-ochistki\/","title":{"rendered":"Pele\u021bi de lemn \u0219i con\u021binutul lor de cenu\u0219\u0103: care este sistemul de purificare"},"content":{"rendered":"<h1>Agropele\u021bi, pelete de amestec \u0219i pelete de lemn - care este diferen\u021ba<\/h1>\n<p>\u00cen momentul cump\u0103r\u0103rii <a href=\"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/ro\/categorie-produs\/pelletnye-gorelki-focus\/\">arzator pe peleti<\/a>, desigur, se pune \u00eentrebarea, ce fel de pele\u021bi pot \u0219i trebuie folosi\u021bi? Din acest motiv, specialistii nostri au facut o analiza a materiilor prime disponibile pe piata cu o descriere a principalelor caracteristici. Peleti mixti, agropeleti si, in consecinta, pelete de lemn sunt la vanzare. Ele difer\u0103 \u00een materie de materie prim\u0103, capacitate termic\u0103, con\u021binut de cenu\u0219\u0103 \u0219i transfer de c\u0103ldur\u0103.<\/p>\n<p>\u00cen medie, pre\u021bul pele\u021bilor pe pia\u021ba ucrainean\u0103 variaz\u0103 de la 2200 UAH. p\u00e2n\u0103 la 100 EUR pe ton\u0103. Am indicat \u00een mod deliberat costul \u00een acest fel, cu accent pe furnizorii concentra\u021bi pe Europa. Dac\u0103 sunte\u021bi interesat s\u0103 trece\u021bi la pele\u021bi agricoli sau de lemn, re\u021bine\u021bi c\u0103 pele\u021bii sunt considera\u021bi cel mai promi\u021b\u0103tor combustibil regenerabil. Volumul de consum proiectat va cre\u0219te de aproximativ 2 ori p\u00e2n\u0103 \u00een 2030. Dar ast\u0103zi oferta este destul de larg\u0103, iar \u00een timp se va extinde datorit\u0103 extinderii bazei de materie prim\u0103 \u0219i proces\u0103rii de\u0219eurilor.<\/p>\n<h2>Indicatori de calitate a pele\u021bilor<\/h2>\n<p>Pentru fabricarea pele\u021bilor, a\u0219chii de lemn \u0219i alte de\u0219euri de cherestea pot fi utilizate. Pe pia\u021ba ucrainean\u0103 sunt oferite granule cu un con\u021binut de umiditate de 8-10%, iar cerin\u021ba pentru con\u021binutul de umiditate al materiilor prime este 8-15%. \u00cen acest proces, se efectueaz\u0103 uscarea, ceea ce v\u0103 permite s\u0103 reduce\u021bi greutatea, s\u0103 \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021bi\u021bi capacitatea de c\u0103ldur\u0103 a combustibilului \u0219i al\u021bi indicatori.<\/p>\n<p>Cel mai important indicator este con\u021binutul de cenu\u0219\u0103. Produc\u0103torii ucraineni furnizeaz\u0103 combustibil granular cu un con\u021binut de cenu\u0219\u0103 de 4-5%, dar conform standardului EN Plus A-1, aceast\u0103 cifr\u0103 nu trebuie s\u0103 dep\u0103\u0219easc\u0103 0,5-0,7%. Cu c\u00e2t este mai mare con\u021binutul de cenu\u0219\u0103, cu at\u00e2t sunt mai mari cerin\u021bele pentru echipamentul de \u00eenc\u0103lzire \u0219i cur\u0103\u021barea acestuia.<\/p>\n<p>Dac\u0103 sistemul de cur\u0103\u021bare<a href=\"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/ro\/categorie-produs\/tverdotoplivnye-pelletnye-kotly\/\"> cazan pe peleti<\/a> nu automat, este mai bine s\u0103 lua\u021bi pele\u021bi cu con\u021binut mai mic de cenu\u0219\u0103. \u00cen acela\u0219i timp, re\u021bine\u021bi c\u0103 standardele europene pentru certificatele ENplus A1 sau A2 descriu cerin\u021bele pentru combustibilii granulari pentru casele particulare. Cu toate acestea, aceste cerin\u021be nu se aplic\u0103 Ucrainei.<\/p>\n<p>Cel mai important indicator este c\u0103ldura de ardere a combustibilului. Poate fi specificat \u00een kilocalorii \u0219i Jouli. Mai mult, capacitatea termic\u0103 a combustibilului nu corespunde \u00eentotdeauna unui con\u021binut sc\u0103zut de cenu\u0219\u0103.<\/p>\n<p>Dac\u0103 vorbim despre specific <a href=\"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/ro\/categorie-produs\/pelletnye-gorelki-focus\/\">arzatoare pe peleti<\/a>, apoi arderea volumetric\u0103 \u00een modulele FOCUS ofer\u0103 eficien\u021b\u0103 maxim\u0103. Mai mult, indiferent de calitatea combustibilului. De fapt, po\u021bi folosi cei mai ieftini pele\u021bi pentru a genera c\u0103ldur\u0103 f\u0103r\u0103 gaz \u0219i f\u0103r\u0103 pierderi de capacitate termic\u0103. Pele\u021bii de lemn vor oferi pu\u021bin mai multe beneficii, dar vor oferi \u0219i un con\u021binut minim de cenu\u0219\u0103. Ceea ce este important av\u00e2nd \u00een vedere cur\u0103\u021barea echipamentului.<\/p>\n<p>Cu toate acestea, pele\u021bii de combustibil disponibile difer\u0103 \u00een ceea ce prive\u0219te caracteristicile lor tehnice. \u00cen primul r\u00e2nd, \u00een ceea ce prive\u0219te con\u021binutul de cenu\u0219\u0103 \u0219i c\u0103ldura de ardere a combustibilului. Aceste caracteristici trebuie luate \u00een considerare atunci c\u00e2nd alege\u021bi \u0219i cump\u0103ra\u021bi echipamente \u0219i combustibili.<\/p>\n<h2>Pelete de lemn: capacitatea lor termic\u0103 \u0219i alternative<\/h2>\n<p>Pele\u021bii de lemn au fost primii care au ap\u0103rut pe pia\u021b\u0103; capacitatea lor termic\u0103 r\u0103m\u00e2ne una dintre cele mai ridicate dintre toate propunerile cu un con\u021binut sc\u0103zut de cenu\u0219\u0103. C\u0103ldura de ardere a pele\u021bilor de lemn este de 18-23 MJ\/kg cu un con\u021binut de cenu\u0219\u0103 de 0,5-0,7%. Aceast\u0103 putere caloric\u0103 corespunde transferului de c\u0103ldur\u0103 al turbei \u0219i c\u0103rbunelui brun.<\/p>\n<p>Pentru fabricarea pele\u021bilor din materii prime lemn se folosesc:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>a\u0219chii;<\/li>\n<li>a\u0219chii de lemn;<\/li>\n<li>de\u0219euri mari de lemn;<\/li>\n<li>lemnos substandard.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u00centreprinderile agricole produc pele\u021bi din materii prime alternative. Cele mai populare agropelete sunt pele\u021bii de paie. Ei nu emit aproape deloc CO2, nu mai mult dec\u00e2t planta a primit \u00een procesul de cre\u0219tere. \u00cen ceea ce prive\u0219te capacitatea termic\u0103, pele\u021bii de paie sunt inferioare \u0219i dau 16 MJ\/kg. Un combustibil agro-reproductibil similar este pele\u021bii de stuf, ele genereaz\u0103 19 MJ\/kg, dar con\u021binutul lor de cenu\u0219\u0103 este mai mare \u0219i se ridic\u0103 la 4%.<\/p>\n<p>Granulele din coaja de floarea soarelui sunt considerate mai profitabile printre agropele\u021bi. Puterea lor caloric\u0103 este comparabil\u0103 cu c\u0103rbunele \u0219i se ridic\u0103 la 21 MJ\/kg cu un con\u021binut de cenu\u0219\u0103 de 3%. \u00cen consecin\u021b\u0103, pentru a cre\u0219te eficien\u021ba, pute\u021bi utiliza acest tip de combustibil granular, av\u00e2nd \u00een vedere \u00een prealabil sistemul de cur\u0103\u021bare a arz\u0103torului \u0219i a co\u0219urilor de fum. Cu privire la <a href=\"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/ro\/categorie-produs\/pelletnye-gorelki-focus\/\">arzatoare pe peleti FOCUS<\/a>, apoi sunt proiectate pentru func\u021bionarea cu diver\u0219i combustibili pele\u021bi, inclusiv pele\u021bi cu con\u021binut ridicat de cenu\u0219\u0103. \u0218i asigura\u021bi un sistem de cur\u0103\u021bare mecanic sau automat pentru cazanul pe pele\u021bi.<\/p>\n<h2>Alte materii prime pentru pelete<\/h2>\n<p>Pentru producerea combustibilului granular se pot folosi:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>de\u0219euri de h\u00e2rtie;<\/li>\n<li>excremente de pui;<\/li>\n<li>turb\u0103 (21 MJ \/ kg cu un con\u021binut de cenu\u0219\u0103 de 5%);<\/li>\n<li>lignin\u0103 (21 MJ \/ kg cu un con\u021binut de cenu\u0219\u0103 de 3%).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Tehnologia de ardere volumetric\u0103 face posibil\u0103 neglijarea oarecum a calit\u0103\u021bii pele\u021bilor. Cu toate acestea, materiile prime cu o capacitate termic\u0103 mai mare vor permite s\u0103 se ob\u021bin\u0103 mai mult\u0103 c\u0103ldur\u0103. Cu alte cuvinte, pele\u021bii de lemn din de\u0219euri din specii valoroase de lemn r\u0103m\u00e2n cei mai potriviti.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0410\u0433\u0440\u043e\u043f\u0435\u043b\u043b\u0435\u0442\u044b, \u043c\u0438\u043a\u0441-\u043f\u0435\u043b\u043b\u0435\u0442\u044b \u0438 \u0434\u0440\u0435\u0432\u0435\u0441\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u0435\u043b\u043b\u0435\u0442\u044b \u2013 \u0432 \u0447\u0435\u043c \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0430 \u041f\u0440\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0443\u043f\u043a\u0435 \u043f\u0435\u043b\u043b\u0435\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0433\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043b\u043a\u0438, \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0435\u0447\u043d\u043e, \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0432\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441, \u043a\u0430\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0435\u043b\u043b\u0435\u0442\u044b \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0438 \u043d\u0443\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c? \u041f\u043e \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0438\u043d\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0448\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u0441\u043f\u0435\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0441\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u043d \u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u0440\u044b\u043d\u043a\u0435 \u0441\u044b\u0440\u044c\u044f \u0441 \u043e\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0445\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043a. \u0412 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0436\u0435 \u0438\u043c\u0435\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043c\u0438\u043a\u0441-\u043f\u0435\u043b\u043b\u0435\u0442\u044b, \u0430\u0433\u0440\u043e\u043f\u0435\u043b\u043b\u0435\u0442\u044b \u0438, \u0441\u043e\u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e, \u0434\u0440\u0435\u0432\u0435\u0441\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u0435\u043b\u043b\u0435\u0442\u044b. \u041e\u043d\u0438 \u043e\u0442\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0430\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0438\u0441\u0445\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0441\u044b\u0440\u044c\u0435\u043c, \u0442\u0435\u043f\u043b\u043e\u0435\u043c\u043a\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c\u044e, \u0437\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c\u044e \u0438 \u0442\u0435\u043f\u043b\u043e\u043e\u0442\u0434\u0430\u0447\u0435\u0439. \u0412 [&#8230;]\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1578,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[7],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1577","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-novosti-vse-ob-otoplenii"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1577","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1577"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1577\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1578"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1577"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1577"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1577"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}