{"id":10625,"date":"2024-08-15T07:30:13","date_gmt":"2024-08-15T05:30:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/?p=10625"},"modified":"2024-08-15T07:30:13","modified_gmt":"2024-08-15T05:30:13","slug":"zakrytaya-sistema-teplosnabzheniya-opredelenie","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/ro\/zakrytaya-sistema-teplosnabzheniya-opredelenie\/","title":{"rendered":"Sistem de \u00eenc\u0103lzire \u00eenchis (defini\u021bie)"},"content":{"rendered":"

Sistem de incalzire inchis<\/strong> este un sistem \u00een care lichid de r\u0103cire<\/a> (apa sau alt agent de lucru) circul\u0103 \u00eentr-un circuit etan\u0219 f\u0103r\u0103 contact direct cu atmosfera. \u00centr-un astfel de sistem, apa este \u00eenc\u0103lzit\u0103 \u00eentr-un cazan sau alt generator de c\u0103ldur\u0103 \u0219i apoi se deplaseaz\u0103 prin conducte prin radiatoare, pardoseli \u00eenc\u0103lzite sau alte dispozitive de \u00eenc\u0103lzire, eliber\u00e2nd c\u0103ldur\u0103 \u00een incint\u0103. Dup\u0103 aceasta, lichidul de r\u0103cire este returnat \u00eenapoi la generatorul de c\u0103ldur\u0103 pentru re\u00eenc\u0103lzire.<\/p>\n

Sistem de incalzire inchis: caracteristici<\/h3>\n
    \n
  1. Etan\u015feitate<\/strong>: Un sistem de \u00eenc\u0103lzire \u00eenchis se caracterizeaz\u0103 prin izolarea complet\u0103 a lichidului de r\u0103cire de mediul extern, f\u0103r\u0103 contact cu aerul. Acest lucru reduce riscul de coroziune \u00een \u021bevi \u0219i radiatoare \u0219i minimizeaz\u0103 evaporarea apei.<\/li>\n
  2. Presiune<\/strong>: Un sistem de \u00eenc\u0103lzire \u00eenchis necesit\u0103 reglarea presiunii, care este controlat\u0103 folosind un vas de expansiune \u0219i un reductor de presiune. Vasul de expansiune compenseaz\u0103 modific\u0103rile volumului lichidului de r\u0103cire \u00een timpul \u00eenc\u0103lzirii \u0219i r\u0103cirii, prevenind excesul de presiune \u0219i scurgerile.<\/li>\n
  3. Siguran\u021b\u0103<\/strong>: Datorit\u0103 etan\u0219\u0103rii \u0219i controlului presiunii, sistemele \u00eenchise sunt mai sigure \u0219i mai rezistente la schimb\u0103rile de temperatur\u0103. De asemenea, pot folosi antigel sau alte lichide de racire specializate care nu se evapora si nu-si pierd proprietatile la temperaturi ridicate.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    Avantaje:<\/h3>\n
      \n
    • Nu este nevoie s\u0103 ad\u0103uga\u021bi ap\u0103<\/strong>: Deoarece sistemul este sigilat, lichidul de r\u0103cire nu se evapor\u0103 \u0219i nivelul acestuia r\u0103m\u00e2ne stabil, elimin\u00e2nd necesitatea ad\u0103ug\u0103rii regulate de ap\u0103.<\/li>\n
    • Eficien\u0163\u0103<\/strong>: Sistemul \u00eenchis permite un control mai bun al temperaturii \u0219i presiunii, ceea ce \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021be\u0219te eficien\u021ba \u00eenc\u0103lzirii. De asemenea, din cauza lipsei de contact cu aerul, riscul de coroziune este redus, ceea ce prelungeste durata de viata a echipamentului.<\/li>\n
    • Economic<\/strong>: Sistemele \u00eenchise pot fi mai economic de operat, deoarece lichidul de r\u0103cire circul\u0103 cu pierderi minime de c\u0103ldur\u0103.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      Instalarea unui sistem \u00eenchis:<\/h3>\n
        \n
      1. Vas de expansiune<\/strong>: Este instalat un rezervor de expansiune cu membran\u0103, care compenseaz\u0103 dilatarea apei atunci c\u00e2nd este \u00eenc\u0103lzit\u0103. De obicei este amplasat \u00een camera cazanului sau pe circuitul de retur al sistemului.<\/li>\n
      2. Pomp\u0103 de circula\u021bie<\/strong>: Un sistem \u00eenchis necesit\u0103 instalarea unei pompe de circula\u021bie pentru a asigura deplasarea lichidului de r\u0103cire de-a lungul circuitului, deoarece circula\u021bia natural\u0103 poate fi insuficient\u0103 din cauza lipsei de contact cu atmosfera.<\/li>\n
      3. Supape de \u00eenchidere<\/strong>: Supapele de re\u021binere, supapele de siguran\u021b\u0103 \u0219i alte elemente sunt instalate \u00een sistem pentru a men\u021bine presiunea necesar\u0103 \u0219i pentru a preveni returul apei.<\/li>\n
      4. Gurile de aerisire<\/strong>: Orificiile de aerisire automate sunt instalate pentru a elimina aerul din sistem, ceea ce previne formarea blocurilor de aer \u0219i asigur\u0103 func\u021bionarea stabil\u0103 a sistemului.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

        Important!<\/strong> Un sistem \u00eenchis de alimentare cu c\u0103ldur\u0103 depinde de disponibilitatea energiei electrice pentru a alimenta echipamentul, este necesar s\u0103 se instaleze dispozitive alternative de alimentare cu energie.<\/p>\n

        Diferen\u021ba fa\u021b\u0103 de un sistem deschis:<\/h3>\n
          \n
        1. Contactul cu atmosfera<\/strong>: \u00centr-un sistem de \u00eenc\u0103lzire deschis, apa circul\u0103 \u00eentr-un circuit deschis care are contact cu atmosfera, ceea ce duce la evaporarea lichidului de r\u0103cire \u0219i la necesitatea complet\u0103rii regulate.<\/li>\n
        2. Deschide\u021bi rezervorul de expansiune<\/strong>: Sistemele deschise folosesc un rezervor de expansiune deschis, care este instalat \u00een cel mai \u00eenalt punct al sistemului. Acest lucru ajut\u0103 la compensarea modific\u0103rilor volumului de ap\u0103, dar cre\u0219te \u0219i riscul de intrare a aerului \u00een sistem, ceea ce poate duce la coroziune.<\/li>\n
        3. Mai pu\u021bin\u0103 etan\u0219eitate<\/strong>: Sistemele deschise sunt mai pu\u021bin etan\u0219e, ceea ce poate duce la un risc crescut de scurgeri \u0219i la o eficien\u021b\u0103 redus\u0103 a \u00eenc\u0103lzirii.<\/li>\n
        4. Diferen\u021bele de instalare<\/strong>: Instalarea unui sistem \u00eenchis necesit\u0103 instalarea unor echipamente suplimentare, cum ar fi pompe de circula\u021bie \u0219i rezervoare de expansiune cu membran\u0103, ceea ce \u00eel face mai complex \u0219i mai costisitor \u00een compara\u021bie cu un sistem deschis. Cu toate acestea, un sistem \u00eenchis este mai eficient \u0219i mai durabil, ceea ce \u00eel face alegerea preferat\u0103 pentru sistemele moderne de \u00eenc\u0103lzire.<\/li>\n<\/ol>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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