{"id":10232,"date":"2024-07-16T19:34:37","date_gmt":"2024-07-16T17:34:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/?p=10232"},"modified":"2024-08-03T22:44:07","modified_gmt":"2024-08-03T20:44:07","slug":"solnechnyj-kollektor-opredelenie","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/ro\/solnechnyj-kollektor-opredelenie\/","title":{"rendered":"Colector solar (defini\u021bie)"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>colector solar<\/strong> este un dispozitiv conceput pentru a transforma energia solar\u0103 \u00een energie termic\u0103, utilizat\u0103 pentru a \u00eenc\u0103lzi apa, aerul sau alte lichide de r\u0103cire. Colectoarele solare sunt utilizate pe scar\u0103 larg\u0103 \u00een sistemele de alimentare cu ap\u0103 cald\u0103, \u00eenc\u0103lzire \u0219i aer condi\u021bionat, precum \u0219i \u00een procesele industriale care necesit\u0103 energie termic\u0103.<\/p>\n<p>\u00cen ciuda faptului c\u0103 un colector solar folose\u0219te energia solar\u0103 pentru \u00eenc\u0103lzire, tehnologia difer\u0103 semnificativ de panourile solare \u0219i metoda de extrac\u021bie \u0219i acumulare. <a href=\"\/ro\/teplovaya-jenergiya-chto-jeto\/\">energie termal\u0103<\/a>. O central\u0103 solar\u0103 extrage mai \u00eent\u00e2i energie electric\u0103 folosind panouri fotovoltaice, care este apoi folosit\u0103 pentru a \u00eenc\u0103lzi lichidul de r\u0103cire \u0219i apa cald\u0103. \u00cen acest caz <a href=\"\/ro\/jelektricheskoe-otoplenie-opredelenie\/\">incalzire electrica<\/a> absoarbe energia primit\u0103 de la soare. Dar acest lucru nu este eficient, a\u0219a c\u0103 colectoarele solare sunt o solu\u021bie ideal\u0103 pentru prepararea apei calde \u0219i \u00eenc\u0103lzirea unei \u00eenc\u0103peri cu circuit de temperatur\u0103 sc\u0103zut\u0103 (pardoseli calde).<\/p>\n<h3>Componentele principale \u0219i principiul de func\u021bionare al colectorului solar:<\/h3>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>Plac\u0103 absorbant\u0103<\/strong> - elementul principal al colectorului, care absoarbe radiatia solara si o transforma in caldura. Placa este de obicei realizat\u0103 din materiale cu conductivitate termic\u0103 ridicat\u0103, cum ar fi cupru sau aluminiu, \u0219i acoperit\u0103 cu un strat selectiv special pentru a \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021bi eficien\u021ba absorb\u021biei.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Acoperire transparent\u0103<\/strong> \u2014 protejeaz\u0103 placa absorbant\u0103 \u0219i reduce pierderile de c\u0103ldur\u0103 din cauza efectului de ser\u0103. Aceasta este de obicei sticl\u0103 c\u0103lit\u0103 sau un material polimeric cu transmisie ridicat\u0103 a luminii.<\/li>\n<li><strong>izola\u021bie termic\u0103<\/strong> \u2014 situat pe pere\u021bii din spate \u0219i laterali ai colectorului pentru a minimiza pierderile de c\u0103ldur\u0103 \u0219i pentru a cre\u0219te eficien\u021ba dispozitivului.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Lichidul de r\u0103cire<\/strong> - un lichid sau gaz care circul\u0103 prin tuburile ata\u0219ate la placa absorbant\u0103 absoarbe c\u0103ldura \u0219i o transfer\u0103 \u00een sistemul de consum (de exemplu, un rezervor de ap\u0103 cald\u0103 sau un sistem de \u00eenc\u0103lzire).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Cadru<\/strong> \u2014 asigur\u0103 protec\u021bia tuturor componentelor colectorului \u0219i etan\u0219eitatea sistemului, prevenind p\u0103trunderea umezelii \u0219i a contaminan\u021bilor.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h3>Colector solar: tipuri<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Captatoare solare plate<\/strong> - Cel mai comun tip, const\u00e2nd dintr-o plac\u0103 plat\u0103 absorbant\u0103 acoperit\u0103 cu un material transparent. Potrivit pentru majoritatea aplica\u021biilor reziden\u021biale \u0219i comerciale.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Manifolduri cu tuburi de vid<\/strong> \u2014 constau din mai multe tuburi de vid de sticl\u0103, fiecare dintre ele con\u021bin\u00e2nd un element absorbant \u0219i un lichid de r\u0103cire. Aspiratorul asigur\u0103 o izolare termic\u0103 excelent\u0103, f\u0103c\u00e2nd ace\u0219ti colectori eficien\u021bi \u00een climatele reci.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Avantajele colectoarelor solare:<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Prietenia mediului<\/strong> \u2014 utilizarea energiei solare reduce emisiile de gaze cu efect de ser\u0103 \u0219i reduce dependen\u021ba de sursele de energie fosil\u0103.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Eficienta energetica<\/strong> \u2014 eficien\u021ba ridicat\u0103 a conversiei energiei solare \u00een c\u0103ldur\u0103 poate reduce semnificativ costurile de \u00eenc\u0103lzire \u0219i de alimentare cu ap\u0103 cald\u0103.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Durabilitate \u0219i costuri reduse de \u00eentre\u021binere<\/strong> \u2014 colectoarele solare moderne au o durat\u0103 de via\u021b\u0103 lung\u0103 \u0219i necesit\u0103 \u00eentre\u021binere minim\u0103.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Aplicarea colectoarelor solare:<\/h3>\n<p>Colectoarele solare sunt utilizate pe scar\u0103 larg\u0103 pentru \u00eenc\u0103lzirea apei \u00een cl\u0103diri reziden\u021biale \u0219i comerciale, \u00eentre\u021binerea sistemelor de \u00eenc\u0103lzire, \u00eenc\u0103lzirea piscinelor \u0219i \u00een procesele industriale care necesit\u0103 energie termic\u0103. De asemenea, g\u0103sesc aplica\u021bie \u00een sistemele de aer condi\u021bionat prin ma\u0219ini frigorifice cu absorb\u021bie.<\/p>\n<p>Colectorii solari ofer\u0103 o solu\u021bie eficient\u0103 \u0219i prietenoas\u0103 cu mediul pentru utilizarea energiei regenerabile, promov\u00e2nd dezvoltarea durabil\u0103 \u0219i reducerea costurilor cu energia. Este o alternativ\u0103 demn\u0103 la \u00eenc\u0103lzirea apei cu un cazan vara \u0219i <a href=\"\/ro\/jelektricheskoe-otoplenie-opredelenie\/\">incalzire electrica<\/a> pentru incalzirea incalzirii in pardoseala.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0421\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u043b\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u2014 \u044d\u0442\u043e \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e, \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0430\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043f\u0440\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0441\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u044d\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0433\u0438\u0438 \u0432 \u0442\u0435\u043f\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0443\u044e, \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0435 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043d\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0435\u0432\u0430 \u0432\u043e\u0434\u044b, \u0432\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0443\u0445\u0430 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0438\u0445 \u0442\u0435\u043f\u043b\u043e\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0439. \u0421\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u043b\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b \u0448\u0438\u0440\u043e\u043a\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430\u0445 \u0433\u043e\u0440\u044f\u0447\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0432\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0441\u043d\u0430\u0431\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u043e\u0442\u043e\u043f\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0434\u0438\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0443\u0445\u0430, \u0430 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u0432 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u043c\u044b\u0448\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u0430\u0445, \u0442\u0440\u0435\u0431\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0445 \u0442\u0435\u043f\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u044d\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0433\u0438\u0438. \u041d\u0435\u0441\u043c\u043e\u0442\u0440\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u0442\u043e, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0441\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u043b\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u044d\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0433\u0438\u044e \u0441\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0446\u0430 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043d\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0435\u0432\u0430, \u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u044f \u0441\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e \u043e\u0442\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043e\u0442 [&#8230;]\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_members_access_role":[],"_members_access_error":""},"categories":[85],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-10232","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-baza-terminov-po-otopleniyu"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10232","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=10232"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10232\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":10377,"href":"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10232\/revisions\/10377"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=10232"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=10232"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=10232"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}