{"id":8340,"date":"2024-02-26T13:12:26","date_gmt":"2024-02-26T11:12:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/?p=8340"},"modified":"2024-02-26T13:12:26","modified_gmt":"2024-02-26T11:12:26","slug":"kakoe-byvaet-otoplenie","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/cs\/kakoe-byvaet-otoplenie\/","title":{"rendered":"Jak\u00e9 je tam topen\u00ed?"},"content":{"rendered":"<h1><strong>Jak\u00fd druh vyt\u00e1p\u011bn\u00ed existuje: byty, soukrom\u00e9 domy a pr\u016fmysl<\/strong><\/h1>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Dnes se dotkneme ot\u00e1zky, jak\u00fd druh vyt\u00e1p\u011bn\u00ed se d\u011bje v souvislosti s vyt\u00e1p\u011bn\u00edm soukrom\u00fdch dom\u016f a pr\u016fmyslov\u00fdch objekt\u016f. Obecn\u011b se v sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b jasn\u011b rozli\u0161uj\u00ed t\u0159i typy otopn\u00fdch soustav podle charakteru poskytov\u00e1n\u00ed a vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed slu\u017eeb dod\u00e1vky tepla:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><a href=\"\/cs\/umnoe-otoplenie-s-polnoj-avtonomiej\/\">autonomn\u00ed<\/a>;<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">individu\u00e1ln\u00ed;<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><a href=\"\/cs\/centralnoe-otoplenie-i-montazh-pelletnoj-kotelnoj\/\">centr\u00e1ln\u00ed<\/a>.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Na rozd\u00edl od jin\u00fdch zem\u00ed evropsk\u00e9ho kontinentu a v budoucnu i EU bude Ukrajina jedin\u00fdm st\u00e1tem s rozvinut\u00fdm syst\u00e9mem centr\u00e1ln\u00edho z\u00e1sobov\u00e1n\u00ed teplem a teplou vodou. V Evrop\u011b p\u0159evl\u00e1d\u00e1 individu\u00e1ln\u00ed vyt\u00e1p\u011bn\u00ed, kter\u00e9 si u\u017eivatel\u00e9 nasazuj\u00ed na z\u00e1klad\u011b energetick\u00e9ho nosi\u010de dod\u00e1van\u00e9ho do dom\u016f a byt\u016f (plyn a elekt\u0159ina). <strong>Topen\u00ed<\/strong> znamen\u00e1 nez\u00e1vislost na p\u00e1te\u0159n\u00edch s\u00edt\u00edch. Tento typ vyt\u00e1p\u011bn\u00ed propaguje zna\u010dka FOCUS, kter\u00e1 nab\u00edz\u00ed sv\u00e9 <a href=\"\/cs\/tverdotoplivnye-pelletnye-kotly\/\"><strong>kotle na pelety<\/strong><\/a>.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Evropan\u00e9 v\u016fbec nerozum\u00ed probl\u00e9mu \u0161patn\u00e9ho vyt\u00e1p\u011bn\u00ed, energetick\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti doporu\u010duj\u00ed udr\u017eovat teplotu v m\u00e1lo vyu\u017e\u00edvan\u00fdch m\u00edstnostech na 16-18 stup\u0148\u016f Celsia a na toalet\u00e1ch a technick\u00fdch m\u00edstnostech - 10-12 stup\u0148\u016f. Z tohoto d\u016fvodu nevn\u00edm\u00e1 rozho\u0159\u010den\u00ed Ukrajinc\u016f nad t\u00edm, \u017ee se nezap\u00edn\u00e1 topen\u00ed ve v\u00fd\u0161kov\u00fdch budov\u00e1ch a \u0161kol\u00e1ch. Nap\u0159\u00edklad v Japonsku se ve \u0161kol\u00e1ch nevyt\u00e1p\u00ed, ale o p\u0159est\u00e1vk\u00e1ch si d\u011bti mohou oh\u0159\u00e1t ruce na topn\u00fdch bodech.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00dast\u0159edn\u00ed topen\u00ed<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Princip \u010dinnosti \u00fast\u0159edn\u00edho vyt\u00e1p\u011bn\u00ed je n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed. Kogenera\u010dn\u00ed jednotka (KVET) oh\u0159\u00edv\u00e1 vodu a p\u0159ed\u00e1v\u00e1 ji potrub\u00edm do topn\u00e9ho bodu um\u00edst\u011bn\u00e9ho v suter\u00e9nu domu nebo v domovn\u00ed koteln\u011b. Odtud se p\u0159en\u00e1\u0161\u00ed do stoupa\u010dek byt\u016f a dom\u016f.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/centralnoe-otoplenie-v-evrope.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-8465\" src=\"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/centralnoe-otoplenie-v-evrope.png\" alt=\"V Evrop\u011b nen\u00ed \u00fast\u0159edn\u00ed topen\u00ed. Ukrajina bude prvn\u00ed zem\u00ed EU s tak rozs\u00e1hl\u00fdm \u00fast\u0159edn\u00edm org\u00e1nem.\" width=\"465\" height=\"326\" title=\"- -\" srcset=\"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/centralnoe-otoplenie-v-evrope.png 465w, https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/centralnoe-otoplenie-v-evrope-300x210.png 300w, https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/centralnoe-otoplenie-v-evrope-18x12.png 18w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 465px) 100vw, 465px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Za\u010d\u00e1tek a konec topn\u00e9 sez\u00f3ny ur\u010duje st\u00e1t a samospr\u00e1vy. Podle st\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00edch norem je teplo do byt\u016f dod\u00e1v\u00e1no po t\u0159ech dnech poklesu pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00e9 denn\u00ed teploty na 8 stup\u0148\u016f Celsia nebo n\u00ed\u017ee.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Rozhoduj\u00edc\u00edm faktorem pro dobr\u00e9 vyt\u00e1p\u011bn\u00ed je provozn\u00ed tlak, pod kter\u00fdm je voda do byt\u016f p\u0159iv\u00e1d\u011bna. Tato charakteristika z\u00e1vis\u00ed na po\u010dtu podla\u017e\u00ed (ovliv\u0148uje radi\u00e1tory instalovan\u00e9 v byt\u011b; je lep\u0161\u00ed koupit radi\u00e1tory pro 10-13 bar; bimetalov\u00e9 radi\u00e1tory, kter\u00e9 vydr\u017e\u00ed a\u017e 35 bar\u016f, jsou pova\u017eov\u00e1ny za nejlep\u0161\u00ed volbu):<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">do 5 pater - 3-5 bar;<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">do 9 pater - 5-7 bar;<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">do 10 pater - 7-10 bar.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Zpravidla by m\u011bl b\u00fdt tento typ vyt\u00e1p\u011bn\u00ed nejdra\u017e\u0161\u00ed, ale vzhledem ke zm\u011bn\u00e1m sazeb za energie m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt \u00fast\u0159edn\u00ed vyt\u00e1p\u011bn\u00ed v\u00fdhodn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e vyt\u00e1p\u011bn\u00ed individu\u00e1ln\u00ed. Spot\u0159ebitel\u00e9 v\u0161ak \u010dasto vyjad\u0159uj\u00ed nesouhlas s n\u00edzkou teplotou radi\u00e1tor\u016f. Instalace m\u011b\u0159i\u010de tepla umo\u017e\u0148uje platit pouze za skute\u010dn\u011b dodan\u00e9 teplo. Nab\u00edz\u00edme V\u00e1m n\u011bkolik z\u00e1kladn\u00edch sch\u00e9mat z\u00e1lo\u017en\u00edho vyt\u00e1p\u011bn\u00ed v bytech.<\/span><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_8264\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-8264\" style=\"width: 694px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/rezervnyj-jelektrodnyj-kotel-dlya-centralnogo-otopleniya.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-8264\" src=\"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/rezervnyj-jelektrodnyj-kotel-dlya-centralnogo-otopleniya.png\" alt=\"Z\u00e1lo\u017en\u00ed elektrodov\u00fd kotel pro \u00fast\u0159edn\u00ed vyt\u00e1p\u011bn\u00ed\" width=\"694\" height=\"491\" title=\"- -\" srcset=\"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/rezervnyj-jelektrodnyj-kotel-dlya-centralnogo-otopleniya.png 694w, https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/rezervnyj-jelektrodnyj-kotel-dlya-centralnogo-otopleniya-510x361.png 510w, https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/rezervnyj-jelektrodnyj-kotel-dlya-centralnogo-otopleniya-300x212.png 300w, https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/rezervnyj-jelektrodnyj-kotel-dlya-centralnogo-otopleniya-18x12.png 18w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 694px) 100vw, 694px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-8264\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Z\u00e1lo\u017en\u00ed elektrodov\u00fd kotel pro \u00fast\u0159edn\u00ed vyt\u00e1p\u011bn\u00ed<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_8265\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-8265\" style=\"width: 694px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/rezervnyj-jelektrodnyj-kotel-s-upravleniem-pogodnym-regulyatorom.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-8265\" src=\"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/rezervnyj-jelektrodnyj-kotel-s-upravleniem-pogodnym-regulyatorom.png\" alt=\"Z\u00e1lo\u017en\u00ed elektrodov\u00fd kotel s ovl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00edm regul\u00e1toru po\u010das\u00ed\" width=\"694\" height=\"491\" title=\"- -\" srcset=\"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/rezervnyj-jelektrodnyj-kotel-s-upravleniem-pogodnym-regulyatorom.png 694w, https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/rezervnyj-jelektrodnyj-kotel-s-upravleniem-pogodnym-regulyatorom-510x361.png 510w, https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/rezervnyj-jelektrodnyj-kotel-s-upravleniem-pogodnym-regulyatorom-300x212.png 300w, https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/rezervnyj-jelektrodnyj-kotel-s-upravleniem-pogodnym-regulyatorom-18x12.png 18w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 694px) 100vw, 694px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-8265\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Z\u00e1lo\u017en\u00ed elektrodov\u00fd kotel s ovl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00edm regul\u00e1toru po\u010das\u00ed<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_8263\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-8263\" style=\"width: 1816px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/sistema-otopleniya-s-obogrevom-teplymi-polami.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-8263 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/sistema-otopleniya-s-obogrevom-teplymi-polami.png\" alt=\"Z\u00e1lo\u017en\u00ed elektrodov\u00fd kotel pro vyt\u00e1p\u011bn\u00ed podlahov\u00e9ho vyt\u00e1p\u011bn\u00ed\" width=\"1816\" height=\"1440\" title=\"- -\" srcset=\"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/sistema-otopleniya-s-obogrevom-teplymi-polami.png 1000w, https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/sistema-otopleniya-s-obogrevom-teplymi-polami-510x404.png 510w, https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/sistema-otopleniya-s-obogrevom-teplymi-polami-300x238.png 300w, https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/sistema-otopleniya-s-obogrevom-teplymi-polami-1024x812.png 1024w, https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/sistema-otopleniya-s-obogrevom-teplymi-polami-768x609.png 768w, https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/sistema-otopleniya-s-obogrevom-teplymi-polami-1536x1218.png 1536w, https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/sistema-otopleniya-s-obogrevom-teplymi-polami-15x12.png 15w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1816px) 100vw, 1816px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-8263\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Z\u00e1lo\u017en\u00ed elektrodov\u00fd kotel pro vyt\u00e1p\u011bn\u00ed podlahov\u00e9ho vyt\u00e1p\u011bn\u00ed s obecn\u00fdm \u00fast\u0159edn\u00edm vyt\u00e1p\u011bn\u00edm<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_8258\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-8258\" style=\"width: 902px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/kvartirnaya-sistema-rezervnogo-otopleniya-i-gvs.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-8258 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/kvartirnaya-sistema-rezervnogo-otopleniya-i-gvs.png\" alt=\"Z\u00e1lo\u017en\u00ed vyt\u00e1p\u011bn\u00ed a oh\u0159ev vody v byt\u011b. Elektrick\u00e9 topen\u00ed s klimatizac\u00ed\" width=\"902\" height=\"787\" title=\"- -\" srcset=\"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/kvartirnaya-sistema-rezervnogo-otopleniya-i-gvs.png 902w, https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/kvartirnaya-sistema-rezervnogo-otopleniya-i-gvs-510x445.png 510w, https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/kvartirnaya-sistema-rezervnogo-otopleniya-i-gvs-300x262.png 300w, https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/kvartirnaya-sistema-rezervnogo-otopleniya-i-gvs-768x670.png 768w, https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/kvartirnaya-sistema-rezervnogo-otopleniya-i-gvs-14x12.png 14w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 902px) 100vw, 902px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-8258\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Z\u00e1lo\u017en\u00ed topn\u00fd syst\u00e9m s nep\u0159\u00edmotopn\u00fdm kotlem na vyt\u00e1p\u011bn\u00e9 podlahy a teplou vodu.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">V z\u00e1vislosti na dostupnosti m\u011b\u0159i\u010d\u016f tepla se tarify prov\u00e1d\u011bj\u00ed odli\u0161n\u011b:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">u m\u011b\u0159i\u010d\u016f tepla ve v\u0161ech bytech se spot\u0159eba tepla se\u010dte a ode\u010dte od celkov\u00e9 spot\u0159eby (na vyt\u00e1p\u011bn\u00ed vchodu), v\u00fdsledn\u00fd v\u00fdsledek se rozd\u011bl\u00ed mezi v\u0161echny obyvatele;<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">u \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u011b instalovan\u00fdch m\u011b\u0159i\u010d\u016f tepla se n\u00e1klady na vyt\u00e1p\u011bn\u00ed vchodu rozpo\u010d\u00edtaj\u00ed a rozd\u011bl\u00ed mezi v\u0161echny obyvatele. Pot\u00e9 se od celkov\u00e9 spot\u0159eby ode\u010dte v\u00fdsledn\u00e1 \u010d\u00e1stka z \u00fadaj\u016f st\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00edch m\u011b\u0159i\u010d\u016f tepla byt\u016f a \u00fadr\u017eby domu. Zbytek se rozd\u011bl\u00ed mezi v\u0161echny obyvatele bez m\u011b\u0159i\u010d\u016f tepla s p\u0159ipo\u010dten\u00edm \u010d\u00e1stky za vyt\u00e1p\u011bn\u00ed vchodu;<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">pokud v dom\u011b nebo u vchodu nen\u00ed m\u011b\u0159i\u010d tepla, platba se prov\u00e1d\u00ed podle sazebn\u00edku m\u00edstn\u00edch \u00fa\u0159ad\u016f, zpravidla je to mnohem dra\u017e\u0161\u00ed.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Autonomn\u00ed vyt\u00e1p\u011bn\u00ed bytov\u00e9ho domu pro obyvatele se neli\u0161\u00ed od \u00fast\u0159edn\u00edho vyt\u00e1p\u011bn\u00ed. Teplo je v\u0161ak dod\u00e1v\u00e1no z kotelny um\u00edst\u011bn\u00e9 na st\u0159e\u0161e objektu, nikoli z topn\u00e9ho bodu suter\u00e9nu. Toto uspo\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed umo\u017e\u0148uje u\u0161et\u0159it za \u010derpac\u00ed za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed. V\u00fdkon st\u0159e\u0161n\u00ed kotelny by nem\u011bl p\u0159es\u00e1hnout 5 MW. Pokud je klastrov\u00e9 z\u00e1sobov\u00e1n\u00ed teplem navr\u017eeno pro v\u00edce dom\u016f a kotelna je um\u00edst\u011bna v samostatn\u00e9 budov\u011b, pak neexistuj\u00ed \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e1 omezen\u00ed v\u00fdkonu.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Na\u0161e spole\u010dnost nab\u00edz\u00ed kotle na pelety pro bytov\u00e9 domy s klimatizac\u00ed a tak\u00e9 parn\u00ed gener\u00e1tory na pelety pro v\u00fdrobu elekt\u0159iny a tepla. OSBB mohou vyu\u017e\u00edvat hybridn\u00ed elektrokotle p\u0159ipojen\u00e9 k hlavn\u00edmu nap\u00e1jen\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_8423\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-8423\" style=\"width: 1080px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/kaskadnaya-kotelnaya-s-klimat-kontrolem-dlya-kvartir.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-8423\" src=\"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/kaskadnaya-kotelnaya-s-klimat-kontrolem-dlya-kvartir.png\" alt=\"Kask\u00e1dov\u00e1 kotelna s klimatizac\u00ed. \u00dast\u0159edn\u00ed vyt\u00e1p\u011bn\u00ed a mont\u00e1\u017e kotelny na pelety do byt\u016f\" width=\"1080\" height=\"954\" title=\"- -\" srcset=\"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/kaskadnaya-kotelnaya-s-klimat-kontrolem-dlya-kvartir.png 1000w, https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/kaskadnaya-kotelnaya-s-klimat-kontrolem-dlya-kvartir-510x450.png 510w, https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/kaskadnaya-kotelnaya-s-klimat-kontrolem-dlya-kvartir-300x265.png 300w, https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/kaskadnaya-kotelnaya-s-klimat-kontrolem-dlya-kvartir-1024x905.png 1024w, https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/kaskadnaya-kotelnaya-s-klimat-kontrolem-dlya-kvartir-768x678.png 768w, https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/kaskadnaya-kotelnaya-s-klimat-kontrolem-dlya-kvartir-14x12.png 14w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1080px) 100vw, 1080px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-8423\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Kask\u00e1dov\u00e1 kotelna s klimatizac\u00ed pro byty s jedn\u00edm regul\u00e1torem po\u010das\u00ed a dotykov\u00fdmi panely byt po byt\u011b.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_8272\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-8272\" style=\"width: 833px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/kommunalnaya-kotelnaya-s-klimat-kontrolem-s-pokvartirnymi-pogodnymi-regulyatorami.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-8272\" src=\"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/kommunalnaya-kotelnaya-s-klimat-kontrolem-s-pokvartirnymi-pogodnymi-regulyatorami.png\" alt=\"Komun\u00e1ln\u00ed kotelna na pelety s klimatizac\u00ed s bytov\u00fdmi regul\u00e1tory po\u010das\u00ed\" width=\"833\" height=\"751\" title=\"- -\" srcset=\"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/kommunalnaya-kotelnaya-s-klimat-kontrolem-s-pokvartirnymi-pogodnymi-regulyatorami.png 833w, https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/kommunalnaya-kotelnaya-s-klimat-kontrolem-s-pokvartirnymi-pogodnymi-regulyatorami-510x460.png 510w, https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/kommunalnaya-kotelnaya-s-klimat-kontrolem-s-pokvartirnymi-pogodnymi-regulyatorami-300x270.png 300w, https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/kommunalnaya-kotelnaya-s-klimat-kontrolem-s-pokvartirnymi-pogodnymi-regulyatorami-768x692.png 768w, https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/kommunalnaya-kotelnaya-s-klimat-kontrolem-s-pokvartirnymi-pogodnymi-regulyatorami-13x12.png 13w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 833px) 100vw, 833px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-8272\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Spole\u010dn\u00e1 kotelna s klimatizac\u00ed s bytov\u00fdmi regul\u00e1tory po\u010das\u00ed<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Pro soukrom\u00e9 domy<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Soukrom\u00e9 domy mohou b\u00fdt p\u0159ipojeny k centr\u00e1ln\u00edmu z\u00e1sobov\u00e1n\u00ed teplem, ale to je velmi vz\u00e1cn\u00e9, proto\u017ee je nerentabiln\u00ed provozovat topen\u00ed v soukrom\u00fdch domech. Domy v chatov\u00fdch vesnic\u00edch mohou b\u00fdt napojeny na klastrov\u00fd syst\u00e9m z\u00e1sobov\u00e1n\u00ed teplem, to znamen\u00e1 na autonomn\u00ed kotelnu na pelety a mini-CHP vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00edc\u00ed pelety po\u017eadovan\u00e9ho v\u00fdkonu.<\/span><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_6189\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-6189\" style=\"width: 3133px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/mini-tjec-s-proizvodstvom-pellet.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-6189 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/mini-tjec-s-proizvodstvom-pellet.png\" alt=\"Mini CHP s parn\u00edmi gener\u00e1tory FOCUS\" width=\"3133\" height=\"1622\" title=\"- -\" srcset=\"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/mini-tjec-s-proizvodstvom-pellet.png 1000w, https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/mini-tjec-s-proizvodstvom-pellet-510x264.png 510w, https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/mini-tjec-s-proizvodstvom-pellet-300x155.png 300w, https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/mini-tjec-s-proizvodstvom-pellet-1024x530.png 1024w, https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/mini-tjec-s-proizvodstvom-pellet-768x398.png 768w, https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/mini-tjec-s-proizvodstvom-pellet-1536x795.png 1536w, https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/mini-tjec-s-proizvodstvom-pellet-2048x1060.png 2048w, https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/mini-tjec-s-proizvodstvom-pellet-18x9.png 18w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 3133px) 100vw, 3133px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-6189\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Kogenerace na pelety s parn\u00edm gener\u00e1torem pro vesnice<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_8441\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-8441\" style=\"width: 924px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/jelektricheskoe-otoplenie-v-dome-s-pechekaminnym-istochnikom-tepla.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-8441\" src=\"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/jelektricheskoe-otoplenie-v-dome-s-pechekaminnym-istochnikom-tepla.png\" alt=\"M\u016f\u017eete si po\u0159\u00eddit vyt\u00e1p\u011bn\u00ed, kter\u00e9 je levn\u00e9 na provoz, jedn\u00e1 se o krbov\u00e9 vyt\u00e1p\u011bn\u00ed s elektrokotlem nebo kotelnou na pelety\" width=\"924\" height=\"689\" title=\"- -\" srcset=\"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/jelektricheskoe-otoplenie-v-dome-s-pechekaminnym-istochnikom-tepla.png 924w, https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/jelektricheskoe-otoplenie-v-dome-s-pechekaminnym-istochnikom-tepla-510x380.png 510w, https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/jelektricheskoe-otoplenie-v-dome-s-pechekaminnym-istochnikom-tepla-300x224.png 300w, https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/jelektricheskoe-otoplenie-v-dome-s-pechekaminnym-istochnikom-tepla-768x573.png 768w, https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/jelektricheskoe-otoplenie-v-dome-s-pechekaminnym-istochnikom-tepla-16x12.png 16w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 924px) 100vw, 924px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-8441\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">M\u016f\u017eete si po\u0159\u00eddit topen\u00ed, kter\u00e9 je levn\u00e9 na provoz, jedn\u00e1 se o krbov\u00e9 topen\u00ed s elektrokotlem<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_8380\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-8380\" style=\"width: 848px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/gidravlicheskaya-obvyazka-so-smesitelnym-teplovym-buferom.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-8380\" src=\"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/gidravlicheskaya-obvyazka-so-smesitelnym-teplovym-buferom.png\" alt=\"Hydraulick\u00e9 potrub\u00ed se sm\u011b\u0161ovac\u00edm tepeln\u00fdm pufrem\" width=\"848\" height=\"597\" title=\"- -\" srcset=\"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/gidravlicheskaya-obvyazka-so-smesitelnym-teplovym-buferom.png 848w, https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/gidravlicheskaya-obvyazka-so-smesitelnym-teplovym-buferom-510x359.png 510w, https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/gidravlicheskaya-obvyazka-so-smesitelnym-teplovym-buferom-300x211.png 300w, https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/gidravlicheskaya-obvyazka-so-smesitelnym-teplovym-buferom-768x541.png 768w, https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/gidravlicheskaya-obvyazka-so-smesitelnym-teplovym-buferom-18x12.png 18w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 848px) 100vw, 848px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-8380\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Hydraulick\u00e9 potrub\u00ed se sm\u011b\u0161ovac\u00edm tepeln\u00fdm z\u00e1sobn\u00edkem s klimatizac\u00ed pro vyt\u00e1p\u011bn\u00ed dom\u016f<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Typicky se vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 individu\u00e1ln\u00ed vyt\u00e1p\u011bn\u00ed plynem, elekt\u0159inou nebo autonomn\u00ed vyt\u00e1p\u011bn\u00ed na b\u00e1zi TT okruh\u016f a tepeln\u00fdch \u010derpadel. Tarify za plyn a elekt\u0159inu stanovuje st\u00e1t. Celkov\u00fd \u00fa\u010det za vyt\u00e1p\u011bn\u00ed soukrom\u00e9ho domu bez zateplen\u00ed je velmi vysok\u00fd bez ohledu na typ zdroje energie, sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed n\u00e1klad\u016f lze dos\u00e1hnout pouze vyu\u017eit\u00edm \u0159\u00edzen\u00e9ho elektrick\u00e9ho vyt\u00e1p\u011bn\u00ed v kombinaci se sol\u00e1rn\u00ed elektr\u00e1rnou za \u201ezelen\u00fd tarif\u201c. V ji\u017en\u00edch oblastech vykazuje oh\u0159ev ze sol\u00e1rn\u00edch kolektor\u016f vysokou \u00fa\u010dinnost.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Typy vyt\u00e1p\u011bn\u00ed jsou klasifikov\u00e1ny podle n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edch z\u00e1sad:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">podle typu nosi\u010de energie: plyn, tuh\u00e1 paliva, elektrick\u00e1, geoterm\u00e1ln\u00ed, sol\u00e1rn\u00ed;<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">chladic\u00ed kapalinou: voda, p\u00e1ra, vzduch;<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">metodou p\u0159enosu tepla: konvek\u010dn\u00ed (infra\u010derven\u00e9 a jin\u00e9) a s\u00e1lav\u00e9;<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">metodou hydraulick\u00e9ho potrub\u00ed: s gravita\u010dn\u00edm a nucen\u00fdm ob\u011bhem;<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">podle teploty chladic\u00ed kapaliny: n\u00edzk\u00e1 teplota (tepl\u00e9 podlahy) a vysok\u00e1 teplota (kotle TT).<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Jak\u00fd druh vyt\u00e1p\u011bn\u00ed je v soukrom\u00fdch domech? Nej\u010dast\u011bji se vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 vodn\u00ed a vzduchov\u00e9 vyt\u00e1p\u011bn\u00ed (u r\u00e1mov\u00fdch dom\u016f), plynem, na tuh\u00e1 paliva, elektrick\u00e9, geoterm\u00e1ln\u00ed (tepeln\u00e1 \u010derpadla) a sol\u00e1rn\u00ed zdroje energie. Existuj\u00ed tak\u00e9 samostatn\u011b obl\u00edben\u00e9 \u201etepl\u00e9 podlahy\u201c, kter\u00e9 mohou fungovat jako infra\u010derven\u00e9 a vodn\u00ed. <\/span><a href=\"\/cs\/jelektricheskoe-otoplenie-v-kvartire\/\"><b>Elektrick\u00e9 vyt\u00e1p\u011bn\u00ed jako z\u00e1loha<\/b><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 se hlavn\u011b v bytech, v n\u011bkter\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edpadech v soukrom\u00fdch domech. Parn\u00ed vyt\u00e1p\u011bn\u00ed se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 v tepeln\u00fdch elektr\u00e1rn\u00e1ch, proto\u017ee tot\u00e9\u017e <\/span><b>parn\u00ed gener\u00e1tory na pelety<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> v\u00e1m umo\u017en\u00ed vyr\u00e1b\u011bt teplo a elekt\u0159inu sou\u010dasn\u011b.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><a href=\"\/cs\/shop\/\"><strong>Topen\u00ed peletami<\/strong><\/a> form\u00e1ln\u011b odkazuje na technologii pevn\u00fdch paliv, d\u00edky automatizaci a nez\u00e1vislosti na hlavn\u00edch s\u00edt\u00edch je palivo pova\u017eov\u00e1no za autonomn\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Jak\u00fd druh vyt\u00e1p\u011bn\u00ed existuje v pr\u016fmyslu?<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Pr\u016fmyslov\u00e9 prostory vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed vodn\u00ed a vzduchov\u00e9 vyt\u00e1p\u011bn\u00ed. V n\u011bkter\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edpadech se vyh\u0159\u00edvan\u00e9 podlahy pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed, nap\u0159\u00edklad kdy\u017e je pot\u0159eba vytopit pracovi\u0161t\u011b. Faktem je, \u017ee tov\u00e1rn\u00ed prostory maj\u00ed velkou plochu a objem a nejsou pasivn\u00ed, tak\u017ee je vhodn\u00e9 pou\u017e\u00edt <\/span><a href=\"\/cs\/vozdushnoe-otoplenie-cehov-s-pomoshhyu-kotla-fokus-monoblok\/\"><b>oh\u0159ev vzduchu<\/b><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> a <\/span><a href=\"\/cs\/otoplenie-rabochih-mest-na-proizvodstvah-pelletami\/\"><b>vyt\u00e1p\u011bn\u00ed pracovi\u0161\u0165<\/b><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. Pro tyto \u00fa\u010dely se v z\u00e1vislosti na zapojen\u00ed pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed v\u0161echny t\u0159i typy podpory pokojov\u00e9 teploty.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">V\u00fdrobn\u00ed prostory jsou zpravidla vyt\u00e1p\u011bny tov\u00e1rn\u00ed kotelnou. Za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed zpravidla b\u011b\u017e\u00ed na uhl\u00ed. Modern\u011bj\u0161\u00ed \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed zahrnuj\u00ed <a href=\"\/cs\/mnogokonturnoe-otoplenie-na-proizvodstve\/\"><strong>vyt\u00e1p\u011bn\u00ed v\u00fdrobn\u00edch d\u00edlen<\/strong><\/a> peletami z d\u016fvodu instalace nen\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00fdch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed na \u00fadr\u017ebu a kask\u00e1dov\u00e9ho zapojen\u00ed kotl\u016f. Po\u010det okruh\u016f nen\u00ed omezen, v\u00fdkon kotelny se dynamicky roz\u0161i\u0159uje.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>Peletov\u00e1 kotelna se vyzna\u010duje ni\u017e\u0161\u00edmi n\u00e1klady na palivo a mo\u017enost\u00ed nasadit najednou t\u0159i druhy vyt\u00e1p\u011bn\u00ed s klimatizac\u00ed: voda, vzduch a vyt\u00e1p\u011bn\u00e9 podlahy.<\/p><\/blockquote>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041a\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u0431\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043e\u0442\u043e\u043f\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435: \u043a\u0432\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0438\u0440\u044b, \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0434\u043e\u043c\u0430 \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u043c\u044b\u0448\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0421\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044f \u043c\u044b \u0437\u0430\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043d\u0435\u043c \u0432\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441, \u043a\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u0431\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043e\u0442\u043e\u043f\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0442\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0435\u0432\u0430 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0434\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0432 \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0437\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0439. \u0412 \u0446\u0435\u043b\u043e\u043c, \u0432 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u043c\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442 \u0447\u0435\u0442\u043a\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0442\u0440\u0438 \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0430 \u043e\u0442\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c \u043f\u043e \u0445\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0443 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0438 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0443\u0441\u043b\u0443\u0433 \u0442\u0435\u043f\u043b\u043e\u0441\u043d\u0430\u0431\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f: \u0430\u0432\u0442\u043e\u043d\u043e\u043c\u043d\u043e\u0435; \u0438\u043d\u0434\u0438\u0432\u0438\u0434\u0443\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0435; \u0446\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0435. \u0412 \u043e\u0442\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0438\u0435 \u043e\u0442 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0438\u0445 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d \u0435\u0432\u0440\u043e\u043f\u0435\u0439\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430 \u0438 \u0432 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0443\u0449\u0435\u043c \u0432 [&#8230;]\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-8340","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-ne-tolko-o-kotlah"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8340","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8340"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8340\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8340"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8340"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8340"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}