{"id":2631,"date":"2020-12-13T12:36:48","date_gmt":"2020-12-13T10:36:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/?p=2631"},"modified":"2020-12-13T12:36:48","modified_gmt":"2020-12-13T10:36:48","slug":"chto-takoe-djeajerator-i-ego-funkcii-v-sisteme-otopleniya","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/cs\/chto-takoe-djeajerator-i-ego-funkcii-v-sisteme-otopleniya\/","title":{"rendered":"Co je odvzdu\u0161\u0148ova\u010d a jeho funkce v topn\u00e9m syst\u00e9mu"},"content":{"rendered":"<h1>Pot\u0159ebujete odvzdu\u0161\u0148ova\u010d v komun\u00e1ln\u00edch a dom\u00e1c\u00edch topn\u00fdch syst\u00e9mech?<\/h1>\n<p>V na\u0161ich publikac\u00edch o pr\u016fmyslov\u00fdch a komun\u00e1ln\u00edch topn\u00fdch syst\u00e9mech <strong>byl zm\u00edn\u011bn proces odvzdu\u0161n\u011bn\u00ed<\/strong> a souvisej\u00edc\u00ed vybaven\u00ed. Odvzdu\u0161\u0148ova\u010d je p\u0159\u00edtomen hlavn\u011b v ruskojazy\u010dn\u00fdch in\u017een\u00fdrsk\u00fdch sch\u00e9matech a nen\u00ed typick\u00fd pro z\u00e1padn\u00ed projekty. Vylu\u010duje se tak\u00e9 p\u0159i projektov\u00e1n\u00ed kompaktn\u00edch kotelen, kter\u00e9 funguj\u00ed mj. na z\u00e1kl <a href=\"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/cs\/kategorie-produktu\/piroliznye-tverdotoplivnye-kotly-focus\/\">kotle na tuh\u00e1 paliva FOCUS<\/a> a <a href=\"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/cs\/kategorie-produktu\/pelletnye-gorelki-focus\/\">ho\u0159\u00e1ky na pelety<\/a> na\u0161e zna\u010dka.<\/p>\n<p>Odvzdu\u0161\u0148ova\u010d se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 ve dvou kvalit\u00e1ch:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>zajistit dod\u00e1vku vody do syst\u00e9mu a dodat ji do dopl\u0148ovac\u00ed jednotky;<\/li>\n<li>za \u00fa\u010delem \u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed kapaliny od plynn\u00fdch ne\u010distot.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>P\u0159\u00edtomnost takov\u00e9 jednotky je zam\u011b\u0159ena na nep\u0159eru\u0161ovan\u00fd provoz spole\u010dn\u00e9 kotelny v kritick\u00fdch podm\u00ednk\u00e1ch. Kdy\u017e nap\u0159\u00edklad nen\u00ed voda pro syst\u00e9m l\u00ed\u010den\u00ed p\u0159ich\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00ed zven\u010d\u00ed. Vzhledem k tomu, \u017ee m\u016f\u017ee takov\u00e1 situace nastat, je instalace odvzdu\u0161\u0148ova\u010d\u016f vhodn\u00e1 pro m\u011bstsk\u00e9 a pr\u016fmyslov\u00e9 kotelny. <strong>Odvzdu\u0161n\u011bn\u00ed tak\u00e9 pom\u00e1h\u00e1 prodlou\u017eit \u017eivotnost za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed a sn\u00ed\u017eit \u00fa\u010dinky koroze v syst\u00e9mu.<\/strong><\/p>\n<h2>N\u00e1vrhy odvzdu\u0161\u0148ova\u010de<\/h2>\n<p>Odvzdu\u0161\u0148ovac\u00ed n\u00e1dr\u017ee se mohou konstruk\u010dn\u011b li\u0161it. V\u00fdrobci nab\u00edzej\u00ed vertik\u00e1ln\u00ed a horizont\u00e1ln\u00ed modely. Nejb\u011b\u017en\u011bj\u0161\u00ed odvzdu\u0161\u0148ova\u010de diskov\u00e9ho a sprejov\u00e9ho typu.<\/p>\n<h3>Odvzdu\u0161\u0148ova\u010d disk\u016f<\/h3>\n<p>Prvn\u00ed typ konstruk\u010dn\u011b kombinuje horizont\u00e1ln\u00ed a vertik\u00e1ln\u00ed n\u00e1dr\u017e. N\u00e1vrh p\u0159edpokl\u00e1d\u00e1 odd\u011blen\u00ed obou technologick\u00fdch proces\u016f. Neupraven\u00e1 voda je p\u0159iv\u00e1d\u011bna do vertik\u00e1ln\u00ed n\u00e1dr\u017ee, kde proch\u00e1z\u00ed filtry a pod vlivem gravitace proud\u00ed do n\u00e1dr\u017ee s hotovou pitnou vodou. Odvolej to <a href=\"\/cs\/teplovaya-shema-klassicheskaya-kotelnaya-dlya-proizvodstv\/\"><strong>v otev\u0159en\u00fdch syst\u00e9mech<\/strong><\/a> nen\u00ed technick\u00fd, ale jako nosi\u010d tepla se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 pitn\u00e1 voda.<\/p>\n<p>Samotn\u00fd odvzdu\u0161\u0148ovac\u00ed proces prob\u00edh\u00e1 za p\u0159\u00edtomnosti p\u00e1ry, kter\u00e1 je p\u0159iv\u00e1d\u011bna d\u011brovan\u00fdmi t\u011bsn\u011bn\u00edmi. Pod jeho vlivem plyn rozpu\u0161t\u011bn\u00fd ve vod\u011b p\u0159ech\u00e1z\u00ed do f\u00e1ze plyn-p\u00e1ra, takzvan\u00e1 p\u00e1ra, kter\u00e1 je vypou\u0161t\u011bna odvzdu\u0161\u0148ovac\u00edm otvorem.<\/p>\n<p>Po procesu odvzdu\u0161n\u011bn\u00ed je voda vypu\u0161t\u011bna do horizont\u00e1ln\u00ed n\u00e1dr\u017ee, odkud je p\u0159iv\u00e1d\u011bna do syst\u00e9mu vyt\u00e1p\u011bn\u00ed a tepl\u00e9 vody. Mnoho n\u00e1vrh\u016f odvzdu\u0161\u0148ova\u010de tak\u00e9 zahrnuje bubl\u00e1n\u00ed v horizont\u00e1ln\u00ed n\u00e1dr\u017ei. Tento proces v\u00e1m nav\u00edc umo\u017e\u0148uje udr\u017eovat n\u00e1vrhovou teplotu v n\u00e1dr\u017ei. Vzhledem k pot\u0159eb\u011b udr\u017eovat teplotu vody jsou odvzdu\u0161\u0148ova\u010de obvykle tepeln\u011b izolov\u00e1ny.<\/p>\n<h3>Rozpra\u0161ovac\u00ed odvzdu\u0161\u0148ova\u010de<\/h3>\n<p>Odvzdu\u0161\u0148ova\u010d tohoto typu m\u00e1 pouze horizont\u00e1ln\u00ed n\u00e1dr\u017e odd\u011blenou p\u0159ep\u00e1\u017ekou. Komora m\u00e1 \u00falo\u017en\u00fd a odvzdu\u0161\u0148ovac\u00ed prostor. Nap\u00e1jec\u00ed voda pro topn\u00e9 m\u00e9dium se oh\u0159\u00edv\u00e1 sm\u00edch\u00e1n\u00edm s p\u00e1rou z parn\u00edho potrub\u00ed um\u00edst\u011bn\u00e9ho na dn\u011b n\u00e1dr\u017ee. Uvoln\u011bn\u00e9 plyny jsou odv\u00e1d\u011bny ventila\u010dn\u00edm syst\u00e9mem. Odpadn\u00ed plyny se tak\u00e9 pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed k rekuperaci vody. To zahrnuje instalaci speci\u00e1ln\u00edho ventilu do ventila\u010dn\u00edho syst\u00e9mu.<\/p>\n<p>Princip \u010dinnosti odvzdu\u0161\u0148ova\u010de sprejov\u00e9ho typu je spojen s akumulac\u00ed plynu ve vod\u011b. M\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt p\u0159\u00edtomen v n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edch form\u00e1ch:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>rozpu\u0161t\u011bn\u00fd;<\/li>\n<li>jako mikrobubliny, kter\u00e9 se tvo\u0159\u00ed kolem hydrofobn\u00edch inkluz\u00ed;<\/li>\n<li>jako sou\u010d\u00e1st plynu uvoln\u011bn\u00e9ho p\u0159i odvzdu\u0161\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Podle fyzik\u00e1ln\u00edch proces\u016f prob\u00edhaj\u00edc\u00edch v termodynamick\u00fdch m\u00e9di\u00edch mohou b\u00fdt plyny ve vod\u011b nahrazeny p\u00e1rou. V praxi je ot\u00e1zka po\u017eadovan\u00e9 hloubky odplyn\u011bn\u00ed otev\u0159en\u00e1 a diskutabiln\u00ed. Jin\u00fdmi slovy, po odvzdu\u0161n\u011bn\u00ed z\u016fst\u00e1vaj\u00ed zbytkov\u00e9 rozpu\u0161t\u011bn\u00e9 plyny ve v\u0161ech uveden\u00fdch typech ve vod\u011b, ale jejich objem kles\u00e1.<\/p>\n<p>Krom\u011b navrhovan\u00fdch postup\u016f lze dos\u00e1hnout \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u00e9ho odvzdu\u0161n\u011bn\u00ed vody p\u0159i \u00faprav\u011b vody ultrazvukem. Odvzdu\u0161\u0148ova\u010de se tak\u00e9 mohou li\u0161it v konstrukci odstra\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed par, tj. Plyn\u016f uvol\u0148ovan\u00fdch z vody.<\/p>\n<p>U\u017eite\u010dn\u00e1 kapacita odvzdu\u0161\u0148ovac\u00ed n\u00e1dr\u017ee je obvykle 85%.<\/p>\n<h2>Z\u00e1sobn\u00edk vody jako analogick\u00fd odvzdu\u0161\u0148ova\u010d v autonomn\u00edch dom\u00e1c\u00edch syst\u00e9mech<\/h2>\n<p>V autonomn\u00edch vodovodn\u00edch syst\u00e9mech venkovsk\u00fdch dom\u016f a farem se doporu\u010duje p\u0159\u00edtomnost n\u00e1doby na skladov\u00e1n\u00ed pitn\u00e9 vody. Zvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b v p\u0159\u00edpadech, kdy se pro dom\u00e1c\u00ed \u00fa\u010dely pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 vy\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00e1 de\u0161\u0165ov\u00e1 voda. V tomto p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b je p\u0159edfiltrovan\u00e1 kapalina dod\u00e1v\u00e1na do akumula\u010dn\u00ed n\u00e1dr\u017ee, kter\u00e1 je n\u00e1sledn\u011b pou\u017eita pro z\u00e1sobov\u00e1n\u00ed teplou a studenou vodou. Pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 se tak\u00e9 k nap\u00e1jen\u00ed topn\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_2711\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-2711\" style=\"width: 512px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/unnamed-8.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-2711\" src=\"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/unnamed-8.jpg\" alt=\"Hydroakumul\u00e1tor ve vodovodn\u00edm syst\u00e9mu - analog odvzdu\u0161\u0148ova\u010de\" width=\"512\" height=\"367\" title=\"- -\"><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-2711\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Hydroakumul\u00e1tor ve vodovodn\u00edm syst\u00e9mu je analogem odvzdu\u0161\u0148ova\u010de<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>P\u0159\u00edtomnost akumula\u010dn\u00ed n\u00e1dr\u017ee na vodu je tak\u00e9 u\u017eite\u010dn\u00e1, pokud se habe\u0161sk\u00e1 studna nebo studna pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 k z\u00e1sobov\u00e1n\u00ed vodou doma, kde nejsou vylou\u010deny r\u016fzn\u00e9 kontaminanty. Sou\u010dasn\u011b p\u0159\u00edprava pitn\u00e9 vody vy\u017eaduje \u010das na filtrov\u00e1n\u00ed. Z tohoto d\u016fvodu v z\u00e1vislosti na \u0161pi\u010dkov\u00fdch okam\u017eic\u00edch spot\u0159eby nemus\u00ed voda poch\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00ed ze studny sta\u010dit, poch\u00e1z\u00ed z dopl\u0148ovac\u00ed n\u00e1dr\u017ee s p\u0159ipravenou vodou.<\/p>\n<p>Ultrazvukov\u00e9 \u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed lze pou\u017e\u00edt k filtrov\u00e1n\u00ed a odstra\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed \u0161kodliv\u00fdch plyn\u016f z vody v dom\u00e1cnostech nach\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00edch se v oblastech s vysok\u00fdm environment\u00e1ln\u00edm stresem. Sou\u010dasn\u011b je v syst\u00e9mech pro dom\u00e1cnost vhodn\u00e1 p\u0159\u00edtomnost n\u00e1dr\u017ee na pitnou vodu, obdoby odvzdu\u0161\u0148ova\u010de, pokud je jako zdroj pou\u017eita tak\u00e9 studni\u010dn\u00ed voda. Toto \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed je m\u00e9n\u011b n\u00e1kladn\u00e9 ne\u017e za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed va\u0161\u00ed vlastn\u00ed studny, jej\u00ed\u017e kvalita vody nemus\u00ed b\u00fdt tak uspokojiv\u00e1 a vy\u017eaduje dodate\u010dnou \u00fapravu pomoc\u00ed filtr\u016f.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a class=\"button24\" href=\"\/cs\/services\/\">Objednejte si projekt autonomn\u00edho syst\u00e9mu z\u00e1sobov\u00e1n\u00ed teplem a vodou<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041d\u0443\u0436\u0435\u043d \u043b\u0438 \u0434\u044d\u0430\u044d\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043c\u0443\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0438 \u0431\u044b\u0442\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430\u0445 \u043e\u0442\u043e\u043f\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f? \u0412 \u043d\u0430\u0448\u0438\u0445 \u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f\u0445, \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0432\u044f\u0449\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u043c\u044b\u0448\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043c\u0443\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430\u043c \u043e\u0442\u043e\u043f\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u0443\u043f\u043e\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0441\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441 \u0434\u044d\u0430\u044d\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0438 \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0441 \u043d\u0438\u043c \u043e\u0431\u043e\u0440\u0443\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435. \u0414\u044d\u0430\u044d\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0443\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u0432 \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0432 \u0440\u0443\u0441\u0441\u043a\u043e\u044f\u0437\u044b\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0438\u043d\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0441\u0445\u0435\u043c\u0430\u0445 \u0438 \u043d\u0435 \u0445\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0430\u0434\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0432. \u0415\u0433\u043e \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u0438\u0441\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043a\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u044e\u0442, \u0432 \u0442\u043e\u043c \u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0435, \u043d\u0430 \u0431\u0430\u0437\u0435 \u0442\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0434\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043f\u043b\u0438\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0445 [&#8230;]\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2710,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[8],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2631","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-obvyazka-kotlov"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2631","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2631"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2631\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2710"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2631"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2631"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2631"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}