{"id":1994,"date":"2020-10-02T12:09:13","date_gmt":"2020-10-02T10:09:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/?p=1994"},"modified":"2020-10-02T12:09:13","modified_gmt":"2020-10-02T10:09:13","slug":"kak-pravilno-vybrat-kotel-otopleniya-poleznye-sovety","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/cs\/kak-pravilno-vybrat-kotel-otopleniya-poleznye-sovety\/","title":{"rendered":"Jak vybrat spr\u00e1vn\u00fd topn\u00fd kotel: u\u017eite\u010dn\u00e9 tipy"},"content":{"rendered":"<h1>Jak vybrat spr\u00e1vn\u00fd kotel na vyt\u00e1p\u011bn\u00ed: kapaln\u00e1 nebo tuh\u00e1 paliva, plyn, pelety<\/h1>\n<p>S ot\u00e1zkou efektivn\u00edho vyt\u00e1p\u011bn\u00ed soukrom\u00e9ho domu, kancel\u00e1\u0159e nebo v\u00fdroby se pot\u00fdk\u00e1 t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 ka\u017ed\u00fd obyvatel na\u0161\u00ed zem\u011b. Klima na Ukrajin\u011b je sice tepl\u00e9, ale zimy jsou velmi krut\u00e9, tak\u017ee r\u016fst cen plynu vede k vysok\u00fdm n\u00e1klad\u016fm za energie a p\u0159echod na jin\u00e9 zdroje energie je \u010dasto neefektivn\u00ed. Jak v t\u00e9to situaci vybrat spr\u00e1vn\u00fd topn\u00fd kotel a od \u010deho p\u0159i v\u00fdb\u011bru vych\u00e1zet.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_2234\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-2234\" style=\"width: 1024px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/dsc_4484-scaled-e1604133808867.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-large wp-image-2234\" src=\"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/dsc_4484-1024x1024.jpg\" alt=\"Kotel na pelety FOCUS 65\" width=\"1024\" height=\"1024\" title=\"- -\"><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-2234\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><a href=\"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/cs\/produkt\/pelletnyj-kotel-65-kvt-focus-diapazon-moshhnosti-13-85kvt\/\">Kotel na pelety FOCUS 65<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Hlavn\u00edm probl\u00e9mem na\u0161ich n\u00e1kup\u010d\u00edch je nedostatek dostupn\u00fdch informac\u00ed o technologi\u00edch a vybaven\u00ed a tak\u00e9 nedostate\u010dn\u00e9 pov\u011bdom\u00ed p\u00e1n\u016f o dostupn\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitostech. Obvykle, a\u0165 u\u017e jsou to obyvatel\u00e9 a majitel\u00e9 dom\u016f, \u0159editel\u00e9 podnik\u016f, kter\u00e9 cht\u011bj\u00ed vyt\u00e1p\u011bt kancel\u00e1\u0159e, sklady, maloobchodn\u00ed prostory nebo v\u00fdrobu, ka\u017ed\u00fd chce z\u00edskat hotov\u00e9 \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed od specialist\u016f, na kter\u00e9 se obr\u00e1til.<\/p>\n<p>Pracovn\u00edci v regionech \u010dast\u011bji pracuj\u00ed s gravita\u010dn\u00edmi topn\u00fdmi syst\u00e9my na jednom okruhu a poci\u0165uj\u00ed ji\u017e kvalifika\u010dn\u00ed probl\u00e9my p\u0159i zapojov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00edce regulovan\u00fdch okruh\u016f a kotl\u016f i pom\u011brn\u011b slo\u017eitou automatizaci z\u00e1vislou na po\u010das\u00ed. Jin\u00ed, kte\u0159\u00ed o probl\u00e9mech v\u011bd\u00ed, jednodu\u0161e prod\u00e1vaj\u00ed monobloky s element\u00e1rn\u00ed modul\u00e1rn\u00ed mont\u00e1\u017e\u00ed. Dal\u0161\u00ed prod\u00e1vaj\u00ed a instaluj\u00ed sv\u00e1 za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, ani\u017e by p\u0159em\u00fd\u0161leli o individu\u00e1ln\u00edch vlastnostech objektu. To v\u0161e komplikuje n\u00e1kup, proto jsme shrom\u00e1\u017edili nejobl\u00edben\u011bj\u0161\u00ed tipy, kter\u00e9 \u010dten\u00e1\u0159\u016fm pomohou porozum\u011bt problematice vyt\u00e1p\u011bn\u00ed.<\/p>\n<h2>&quot;Pracovn\u00ed&quot; \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed pro efektivn\u00ed vyt\u00e1p\u011bn\u00ed soukrom\u00fdch dom\u016f, kancel\u00e1\u0159\u00ed, pr\u016fmyslov\u00fdch a obchodn\u00edch prostor<\/h2>\n<p>St\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00ed realita posledn\u00edch let umo\u017enila vytvo\u0159it efektivn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstupy k nasazen\u00ed topn\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu. Hlavn\u00edmi v\u00fdchodisky jsou typ objektu a jeho vlastnosti a tak\u00e9 rozpo\u010det, kter\u00fd chce z\u00e1kazn\u00edk na za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed a jeho instalaci vy\u010dlenit. Po\u017eadavek kupuj\u00edc\u00edch je \u010dasto spojen s pot\u0159ebou, kdykoli je to mo\u017en\u00e9, vyu\u017e\u00edt st\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00ed topn\u00e1 za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed za \u00fa\u010delem sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed n\u00e1klad\u016f.<\/p>\n<p>N\u011bkolik tip\u016f v\u00e1m umo\u017en\u00ed porozum\u011bt nejen tomu, jak vybrat spr\u00e1vn\u00fd kotel na vyt\u00e1p\u011bn\u00ed, ale tak\u00e9 rozm\u00edstit celou kotelnu pro va\u0161e pot\u0159eby.<\/p>\n<h3>Nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed rady:<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>nejv\u00fdnosn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed palivo<\/strong> pro vyt\u00e1p\u011bn\u00ed prostor na Ukrajin\u011b <strong>je agropeleta<\/strong> s obsahem popela 5-7%. Pou\u017eit\u00ed granul\u00ed s vysok\u00fdm obsahem popela vy\u017eaduje ur\u010dit\u00e9 po\u017eadavky na za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed. Evropsk\u00e9 kotle na pelety jsou ur\u010deny pro vyt\u00e1p\u011bn\u00ed d\u0159ev\u011bn\u00fdmi peletami (obsah popela 1%), proto vy\u017eaduj\u00ed vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed n\u00e1klady na vyt\u00e1p\u011bn\u00ed ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed se zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00fdmi peletami. N\u00e1klady v\u0161ak budou mnohem ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e u plynov\u00e9ho vyt\u00e1p\u011bn\u00ed;<\/li>\n<li><strong>pro z\u00e1sobov\u00e1n\u00ed teplem r\u00e1mov\u00fdch obytn\u00fdch budov<\/strong>, kancel\u00e1\u0159e s otev\u0159en\u00fdmi prostory a v\u00fdrobn\u00ed prostory, sklen\u00edky (rychle ochlazovac\u00ed m\u00edstnosti) nejefektivn\u011bji <strong>oh\u0159ev vzduchu<\/strong>... V m\u00edstnostech s velkou krychlovou kapacitou by m\u011bly b\u00fdt instalov\u00e1ny syst\u00e9my recirkulace tepl\u00e9ho vzduchu, aby se sn\u00ed\u017eily tepeln\u00e9 ztr\u00e1ty;<\/li>\n<li><strong>pro obytn\u00e9 budovy<\/strong> pova\u017euje se za nej\u00fa\u010dinn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed <strong>hybridn\u00ed syst\u00e9m vyt\u00e1p\u011bn\u00ed<\/strong>:\n<ul>\n<li>a) zapojen\u00ed n\u011bkolika kotl\u016f do syst\u00e9mu;<\/li>\n<li>b) m\u00edt z\u00e1lo\u017en\u00ed zdroj tepla s automatick\u00fdm za\u0159\u00edzen\u00edm, kter\u00e9 za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed p\u0159ipoj\u00ed p\u0159i dosa\u017een\u00ed stanoven\u00fdch podm\u00ednek;<\/li>\n<li>d) existuje n\u011bkolik topn\u00fdch okruh\u016f navr\u017een\u00fdch pro provoz v r\u016fzn\u00fdch ro\u010dn\u00edch obdob\u00edch;<\/li>\n<li>e) p\u0159i p\u0159ebytku tepla jsou instalov\u00e1ny tepeln\u00e9 akumul\u00e1tory, kter\u00e9 umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed automatizovat provoz kotelny na tuh\u00e1 paliva nebo sol\u00e1rn\u00ed kotelny.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>modern\u00ed topn\u00e9 prost\u0159edky <strong>pou\u017eit\u00ed automatizace z\u00e1visl\u00e9 na po\u010das\u00ed<\/strong>... Po\u017eadavek se nav\u00edc zp\u0159\u00eds\u0148uje s n\u00e1r\u016fstem objemu vyt\u00e1p\u011bn\u00fdch prostor.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Tato standardn\u00ed \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed jsou dopln\u011bna individu\u00e1ln\u00edmi. Nap\u0159\u00edklad v\u00fdb\u011br za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed na z\u00e1klad\u011b rozpo\u010dtu majitele domu, jeho typu, \u00farovn\u011b pohodl\u00ed, po\u017eadovan\u00e9 \u00farovn\u011b automatizace.<\/p>\n<h3>Jak ud\u011blat pohodln\u00e9 a p\u0159\u00edjemn\u00e9 vyt\u00e1p\u011bn\u00ed v dom\u011b<\/h3>\n<p>Pro v\u011bt\u0161inu dom\u00e1cnost\u00ed s domy o plo\u0161e 70-100 m2 pro autonomn\u00ed vyt\u00e1p\u011bn\u00ed sta\u010d\u00ed instalovat krbov\u00e1 kamna s litinovou vlo\u017ekou s p\u0159\u00eddavn\u00fdm oh\u0159evem vzduchu. Jako z\u00e1lo\u017en\u00ed zdroj tepla pro chladivo lze vyu\u017e\u00edt elektrick\u00fd nebo plynov\u00fd kotel, kter\u00fd se p\u0159ipoj\u00ed p\u0159i poklesu teploty v prostor\u00e1ch.<\/p>\n<p>Pro milovn\u00edky civilizovan\u00e9ho komfortu se ale m\u016f\u017eete zastavit u kondenza\u010dn\u00edho p\u0159epl\u0148ovan\u00e9ho plynov\u00e9ho kotle s \u00fasporou 25-30%. Tento p\u0159\u00edstup je pom\u011brn\u011b \u00fa\u010dinn\u00fd a st\u0159edn\u011b n\u00e1kladn\u00fd za p\u0159edpokladu, \u017ee je d\u016fm izolov\u00e1n, p\u0159\u00edtomnost termostat\u016f na topn\u00fdch okruz\u00edch, ovl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed klimatizace nebo pou\u017eit\u00ed automatizace skupiny kotl\u016f z\u00e1visl\u00e9 na po\u010das\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>P\u0159i v\u00fdpo\u010dtu vyt\u00e1p\u011bn\u00ed v\u00fdrobn\u00edch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 v\u011bnovat pozornost specifik\u016fm podniku. Existuje nap\u0159\u00edklad vjezd \/ v\u00fdjezd automobil\u016f do are\u00e1lu p\u0159es br\u00e1nu. Krom\u011b vzduchov\u00e9ho vyt\u00e1p\u011bn\u00ed prostor je nutn\u00e9 p\u0159it\u00e1p\u011bn\u00ed pracovi\u0161\u0165 a instalace tepeln\u00fdch clon.<\/p>\n<p>Tyto p\u0159\u00edstupy samoz\u0159ejm\u011b zahrnuj\u00ed n\u00e1vrh topn\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu pro obytn\u00fd d\u016fm, v\u00fdrobu, obchod nebo kancel\u00e1\u0159, ale v praxi se op\u00edraj\u00ed o analogicky pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e1 standardizovan\u00e1 \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed.<\/p>\n<h2>Existuje univerz\u00e1ln\u00ed \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed? <a href=\"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/cs\/shop\/\">Peletov\u00e9 kotelny FOCUS<\/a> - &quot;jak\u00fd je trik&quot;<\/h2>\n<p>V\u00fdrobci samoz\u0159ejm\u011b v\u017edy prosazuj\u00ed vlastn\u00ed \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed. V\u00fdrobn\u00ed spole\u010dnost &quot;Focus&quot; nab\u00edz\u00ed kotle na tuh\u00e1 paliva s ho\u0159\u00e1kem na pelety vlastn\u00ed v\u00fdroby, kter\u00e9 jsou p\u0159izp\u016fsobeny ukrajinsk\u00fdm re\u00e1li\u00edm, palivo z granulovan\u00e9ho popela a jsou univerz\u00e1ln\u00edm vysoce v\u00fdkonn\u00fdm zdrojem tepla pro obytn\u00e9, obchodn\u00ed a pr\u016fmyslov\u00e9 prostory. Pr\u00e1v\u011b v\u0161estrannost a n\u00edzk\u00e1 cena paliva je umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed dostat se na prvn\u00ed m\u00edsta v technick\u00e9m hodnocen\u00ed kotl\u016f. Kotle jsou dod\u00e1v\u00e1ny s ho\u0159\u00e1ky na pelety a z\u00e1sobn\u00edky na pelety.<\/p>\n<h3>V\u00fdhody za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed na pelety:<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>\u00da\u010dinnost 95%;<\/li>\n<li>pln\u00e1 automatizace;<\/li>\n<li>nen\u00ed t\u0159eba \u0161et\u0159it teplem d\u00edky n\u00edzk\u00fdm n\u00e1klad\u016fm;<\/li>\n<li>automatizace z\u00e1visl\u00e1 na po\u010das\u00ed v souladu s principy &quot;pasivn\u00edho domu&quot;;<\/li>\n<li>\u00fadr\u017eba topn\u00fdch syst\u00e9m\u016f s v\u00edce vysokoteplotn\u00edmi a n\u00edzkoteplotn\u00edmi okruhy;<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/cs\/kategorie-produktu\/pelletnye-gorelki-focus\/\">ho\u0159\u00e1ky na pelety<\/a> lze instalovat na kotle jin\u00fdch v\u00fdrobc\u016f, co\u017e sni\u017euje n\u00e1klady na po\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed kotelny;<\/li>\n<li>d\u00e1lkov\u00e9 ovl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed a \u00fadr\u017eba libovoln\u00e9ho po\u010dtu spot\u0159ebi\u010d\u016f tepla.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>V\u00fdhody a vlastnosti peletov\u00fdch kotelen FOCUS:<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>pou\u017eit\u00ed technologie objemov\u00e9ho spalov\u00e1n\u00ed, kdy vzn\u00edcen\u00ed prob\u00edh\u00e1 v cel\u00e9m objemu paliva a poskytuje nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed mo\u017enou \u00fa\u010dinnost;<\/li>\n<li>pyrolytick\u00e9 dodate\u010dn\u00e9 spalov\u00e1n\u00ed produkt\u016f spalov\u00e1n\u00ed s recirkula\u010dn\u00edm syst\u00e9mem;<\/li>\n<li>zaznamenejte u\u017eite\u010dnou plochu v\u00fdm\u011bn\u00edk\u016f tepla;<\/li>\n<li>zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e1 spolehlivost d\u00edky konstruk\u010dn\u00edm vlastnostem kotle (kotle jsou sestaveny z masivn\u00edch nerezov\u00fdch plech\u016f prakticky bez sva\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed, jsou zohledn\u011bny v\u0161echny tepeln\u00e9 deformace, jsou instalov\u00e1ny jedine\u010dn\u00e9 ro\u0161ty);<\/li>\n<li>konstrukce kotle a ho\u0159\u00e1ku na pelety poskytuje ide\u00e1ln\u00ed termodynamick\u00e9 vlastnosti pro podporu objemov\u00e9ho spalov\u00e1n\u00ed v topeni\u0161ti;<\/li>\n<li>automatick\u00fd \u010dist\u00edc\u00ed syst\u00e9m (nez\u00e1visl\u00fd na kvalit\u011b granul\u00ed pelet);<\/li>\n<li>automatick\u00fd p\u0159\u00edvod paliva.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Vlastnosti sestaven\u00ed:<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>nejlep\u0161\u00ed komponenty vyroben\u00e9 v EU;<\/li>\n<li>minimalizace po\u010dtu svar\u016f;<\/li>\n<li>modul\u00e1rn\u00ed sady za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed s mont\u00e1\u017e\u00ed v obraze Ikea a Lego pro n\u00edzkoenergetick\u00e9 kotelny;<\/li>\n<li>v\u00fdrobn\u00ed testy.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Hlavn\u00ed rys <a href=\"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/cs\/kategorie-produktu\/tverdotoplivnye-pelletnye-kotly\/\">kotle na pelety<\/a> posledn\u00ed generac\u00ed je pou\u017eit\u00ed technologie objemov\u00e9ho spalov\u00e1n\u00ed s p\u0159esn\u00fdm \u0159\u00edzen\u00edm rychlosti spalov\u00e1n\u00ed d\u00edky p\u0159\u00edvodu pelet a vzduchu do spalovac\u00ed komory. Pr\u00e1v\u011b tento fyzik\u00e1ln\u00ed proces umo\u017e\u0148uje spalov\u00e1n\u00ed paliva jak\u00e9koli kvality u 95% stejn\u011b \u00fa\u010dinn\u00e9 jako elektrick\u00e9 kotle, ale p\u0159i koncep\u010dn\u011b ni\u017e\u0161\u00edch n\u00e1kladech.<\/p>\n<p>Hlavn\u00edm doporu\u010den\u00edm je koupit za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed na pelety s <a href=\"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/cs\/kategorie-produktu\/tverdotoplivnye-kotly-dlya-gorelok\/\">sv\u011btlicov\u00fd ho\u0159\u00e1k a kotle<\/a>navr\u017eeno pro pr\u00e1ci na pelet\u00e1ch s vysok\u00fdm obsahem popela. V tomto ohledu stoj\u00ed za to d\u00e1t p\u0159ednost dom\u00e1c\u00edm kotl\u016fm, proto\u017ee za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed ze zem\u00ed EU funguj\u00ed pouze na d\u0159ev\u011bn\u00e9 pelety se standardizovan\u00fdm obsahem popela 1%.<\/p>\n<h2>Tabulky n\u00e1klad\u016f na kilowatt tepeln\u00e9 energie<\/h2>\n<p>Tabulka ukazuje, \u017ee obyvatel\u00e9 Ruska maj\u00ed mo\u017enost volby, pro Ukrajince je ot\u00e1zka volby t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 jednozna\u010dn\u00e1. Nev\u00fdhodou peletov\u00e9ho za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed je vysok\u00e1 cena. Plnohodnotn\u00e1 kotelna na pelety s ho\u0159\u00e1kem bude st\u00e1t 50\u2013100 tis\u00edc h\u0159iven, ale m\u016f\u017eete u\u0161et\u0159it, pokud na st\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00ed kotel nainstalujete ho\u0159\u00e1k na pelety.<\/p>\n<p>Cena za kWh tepla v Rusku p\u0159i pou\u017eit\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00fdch druh\u016f paliva<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"128\">Pohonn\u00e9 hmoty<\/td>\n<td width=\"128\">V\u00fdh\u0159evnost podle standardu<\/td>\n<td width=\"128\">Po\u017eadovan\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed, 1 kW * h<\/td>\n<td width=\"128\">Odhadovan\u00e1 cena paliva (2020)<\/td>\n<td width=\"128\">N\u00e1klady na palivo na kW<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"128\">Plyn<\/td>\n<td width=\"128\">8,6 kWh \/ m3<\/td>\n<td width=\"128\">0,116 m3<\/td>\n<td width=\"128\">5 rub \/ m3<\/td>\n<td width=\"128\">0,58 rubl\u016f<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"128\">LNG<\/td>\n<td width=\"128\">12,8 kWh \/ l<\/td>\n<td width=\"128\">0,0782 l<\/td>\n<td width=\"128\">24 rub\/l<\/td>\n<td width=\"128\">1,87 rubl\u016f<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"128\">Pelety<\/td>\n<td width=\"128\">4,96 kWh\/kg<\/td>\n<td width=\"128\">0,202 kg<\/td>\n<td width=\"128\">2,3 rub \/ kg<\/td>\n<td width=\"128\">0,464 UAH<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"128\">Nafta<\/td>\n<td width=\"128\">11,1 kWh\/l<\/td>\n<td width=\"128\">0,91 l<\/td>\n<td width=\"128\">47 rub\/l<\/td>\n<td width=\"128\">42,77 rubl\u016f<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"128\">Elektrick\u00e9 topen\u00ed<\/td>\n<td width=\"128\">\u2014<\/td>\n<td width=\"128\">1 kWh<\/td>\n<td width=\"128\">3,3-5,66 kWh<\/td>\n<td width=\"128\">3,3-5,66 rubl\u016f<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"128\">Tuh\u00e1 paliva (palivov\u00e9 d\u0159evo 790 kg \/ m3)<\/td>\n<td width=\"128\">5,5 kWh\/kg<\/td>\n<td width=\"128\">0,4 kg<\/td>\n<td width=\"128\">RUB 1,25 \/ kg<\/td>\n<td width=\"128\">0,5 rubl\u016f<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Cena za kWh tepla na Ukrajin\u011b p\u0159i pou\u017eit\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00fdch druh\u016f paliv<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"128\">Pohonn\u00e9 hmoty<\/td>\n<td width=\"128\">V\u00fdh\u0159evnost podle standardu<\/td>\n<td width=\"128\">Po\u017eadovan\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed, 1 kW * h<\/td>\n<td width=\"128\">Odhadovan\u00e1 cena paliva (2020)<\/td>\n<td width=\"128\">N\u00e1klady na palivo na kW<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"128\">Hlavn\u00ed plyn<\/td>\n<td width=\"128\">8,6 kWh \/ m3<\/td>\n<td width=\"128\">0,116 m3<\/td>\n<td width=\"128\">8,07 UAH \/ m3<\/td>\n<td width=\"128\">0,936 UAH<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"128\">Zkapaln\u011bn\u00fd plyn<\/td>\n<td width=\"128\">12,8 kWh \/ l<\/td>\n<td width=\"128\">0,0782 l<\/td>\n<td width=\"128\">11,60 UAH \/ l<\/td>\n<td width=\"128\">0,907 UAH<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"128\">D\u0159ev\u011bn\u00e9 palety<\/td>\n<td width=\"128\">4,96 kWh\/kg<\/td>\n<td width=\"128\">0,202 kg<\/td>\n<td width=\"128\">2,3 UAH \/ kg<\/td>\n<td width=\"128\">0,464 UAH<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"128\">Nafta<\/td>\n<td width=\"128\">11,1 kWh\/l<\/td>\n<td width=\"128\">0,91 l<\/td>\n<td width=\"128\">15,80 UAH \/ l<\/td>\n<td width=\"128\">14,37 UAH<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"128\">Elekt\u0159ina<\/td>\n<td width=\"128\">\u2014<\/td>\n<td width=\"128\">1 kWh<\/td>\n<td width=\"128\">1,68 kWh<\/td>\n<td width=\"128\">1,68 UAH<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2>Velmi u\u017eite\u010dn\u00e9 tipy: jak vybrat spr\u00e1vn\u00fd kotel na vyt\u00e1p\u011bn\u00ed z hlediska v\u00fdkonu a dal\u0161\u00edch vlastnost\u00ed?<\/h2>\n<p>P\u0159i n\u00e1vrhu otopn\u00e9 soustavy se v\u00fdkon kotle vol\u00ed na z\u00e1klad\u011b v\u00fdpo\u010dtu tepeln\u00e9 ztr\u00e1ty domu, jeho kubatury a po\u017eadavk\u016f klimatick\u00e9ho p\u00e1sma. V obecn\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b se p\u0159edpokl\u00e1d\u00e1, \u017ee izolace se prov\u00e1d\u00ed podle norem GOST, pak lze v\u00fdpo\u010det v\u00fdkonu sn\u00ed\u017eit na jednoduch\u00fd vzorec: je zapot\u0159eb\u00ed 1 kW na 10 metr\u016f \u010dtvere\u010dn\u00edch obytn\u00e9 plochy.<\/p>\n<h3>Krom\u011b toho je t\u0159eba zv\u00e1\u017eit:<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>okruh TUV bude vy\u017eadovat dal\u0161\u00edch 5-7 kW v\u00fdkonu;<\/li>\n<li>pro z\u00e1sobov\u00e1n\u00ed teplou vodou v koteln\u00e1ch na pelety a tuh\u00e1 paliva je instalov\u00e1n nep\u0159\u00edmotopn\u00fd kotel;<\/li>\n<li>pokud se topn\u00e9 za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed nach\u00e1z\u00ed v klimatick\u00e9 z\u00f3n\u011b s teplotami klesaj\u00edc\u00edmi na -30 \u00b0C \/ -40 \u00b0C v zim\u011b, je nutn\u00e1 v\u00fdkonov\u00e1 rezerva 20-30%. Nap\u0159\u00edklad pro d\u016fm o rozloze 100 m2. m, kter\u00fd se nach\u00e1z\u00ed na severu Ukrajiny, se doporu\u010duje topn\u00fd kotel o v\u00fdkonu 12 kW;<\/li>\n<li>pokud je zakoupen automatick\u00fd nebo poloautomatick\u00fd kotel, m\u016f\u017eete si vz\u00edt za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed s ni\u017e\u0161\u00edm v\u00fdkonem. Nap\u0159\u00edklad automatick\u00fd p\u0159ikl\u00e1dac\u00ed kotel o v\u00fdkonu 65 kW je \u00fa\u010dinnost\u00ed srovnateln\u00fd s kotlem s ru\u010dn\u00edm p\u0159ikl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00edm o v\u00fdkonu 100 kW. P\u0159i p\u0159ebytku tepeln\u00e9ho v\u00fdkonu v mimosez\u00f3n\u011b m\u016f\u017ee kotel kou\u0159it, zejm\u00e9na p\u0159i absenci vhodn\u00e9 automatizace;<\/li>\n<li>kotle s automatick\u00fdm nap\u00e1jen\u00edm umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed neinstalovat tepeln\u00e9 akumul\u00e1tory pro ukl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159ebyte\u010dn\u00e9ho tepla, co\u017e umo\u017e\u0148uje sn\u00ed\u017eit n\u00e1klady na instalaci o 15-20 tis\u00edc h\u0159iven. Upozor\u0148ujeme, \u017ee pr\u00e1v\u011b pomoc\u00ed tepeln\u00fdch akumul\u00e1tor\u016f je zaji\u0161t\u011bna automatizace vyt\u00e1p\u011bn\u00ed v syst\u00e9mech se zdroji tepla na tuh\u00e1 paliva. Automatizace \u0159\u00edd\u00ed t\u0159\u00edcestn\u00fd ventil;<\/li>\n<li>kotle na pelety, z\u00e1sobn\u00edkov\u00e9 kotle se \u0161nekov\u00fdm automatick\u00fdm pod\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00edm mohou voln\u011b pracovat na 25% sv\u00e9ho v\u00fdkonu, co\u017e je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 zejm\u00e9na v mimosez\u00f3n\u011b;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Jak vybrat spr\u00e1vn\u00fd topn\u00fd kotel: tipy pro v\u00fdb\u011br jin\u00fdch typ\u016f kotl\u016f<\/h2>\n<p>Je t\u0159eba m\u00edt na pam\u011bti, \u017ee v\u0161estrannost <a href=\"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/cs\/kategorie-produktu\/tverdotoplivnye-pelletnye-kotly\/\">kotle na pelety Focus<\/a> funguje dob\u0159e ve velk\u00fdch domech a objektech. V mal\u00fdch dom\u00e1cnostech jsou pro vyt\u00e1p\u011bn\u00ed domu a z\u00e1sobov\u00e1n\u00ed teplou vodou ur\u010deny kotelny na pelety od 17 kW. N\u00e1kup v\u00fdkonn\u011bj\u0161\u00edho za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed v\u00e1m umo\u017en\u00ed vyu\u017e\u00edt levn\u00e9 teplo pro vyt\u00e1p\u011bn\u00ed va\u0161ich p\u0159\u00edstavk\u016f, sklen\u00edku, teras, sportovi\u0161\u0165 a baz\u00e9nu.<\/p>\n<p>Pro tyto \u00fa\u010dely je mo\u017en\u00e9 zakoupit nerezov\u00e9 kotle na pelety Focus o v\u00fdkonu 100 kW spole\u010dn\u011b s plam\u00ednkem <a href=\"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/cs\/kategorie-produktu\/pelletnye-gorelki-focus\/\">ho\u0159\u00e1ky na pelety<\/a>... Takov\u00e1 kotelna m\u016f\u017ee poskytovat autonomn\u00ed teplo mal\u00fdm d\u00edln\u00e1m, farm\u00e1m a maloobchodn\u00edm prostor\u016fm. N\u00e1klady na dod\u00e1vku tepla budou zanedbateln\u00e9, zvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b pokud si vyr\u00e1b\u00edte vlastn\u00ed pelety.<\/p>\n<h3>Plynov\u00e9 kotle<\/h3>\n<p>P\u0159i pou\u017eit\u00ed plynu k vyt\u00e1p\u011bn\u00ed domu nebo kancel\u00e1\u0159e se vyplat\u00ed starat se o dobrou tepelnou izolaci st\u011bn, strop\u016f, podlah a oken. Kondenza\u010dn\u00ed technologie odb\u011bru tepla a syst\u00e9m klimatizace s automatikou z\u00e1vislou na po\u010das\u00ed nav\u00edc umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed sn\u00ed\u017eit spot\u0159ebu plynu.<\/p>\n<p>Na Ukrajin\u011b je zase zkapaln\u011bn\u00fd plyn t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 nedostupn\u00fd.<\/p>\n<h3>Kotle na kapaln\u00e1 paliva a naftu<\/h3>\n<p>Nafta je u n\u00e1s stejn\u011b drah\u00e1 jako benz\u00edn. Tento typ paliva je vhodn\u00fd pro kotle na oh\u0159ev vzduchu pro p\u0159echodn\u00e9 bydlen\u00ed v dom\u011b. Pomoc\u00ed takov\u00fdch kotelen je zaji\u0161t\u011bno rychl\u00e9 vyt\u00e1p\u011bn\u00ed domu s vysok\u00fdm komfortem.<\/p>\n<h3><a href=\"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/cs\/kategorie-produktu\/piroliznye-tverdotoplivnye-kotly-focus\/\">Kotle na tuh\u00e1 paliva<\/a><\/h3>\n<p>Pou\u017eit\u00ed tuh\u00e9ho paliva p\u0159edpokl\u00e1d\u00e1 instalaci tepeln\u00e9ho akumul\u00e1toru, pomoc\u00ed kter\u00e9ho je mo\u017en\u00e9 zajistit nep\u0159etr\u017eit\u00e9 vyt\u00e1p\u011bn\u00ed prostor jedn\u00edm topeni\u0161t\u011bm denn\u011b. Zvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b efektivn\u00ed je pou\u017eit\u00ed automatizace z\u00e1visl\u00e9 na po\u010das\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>Upozor\u0148ujeme, \u017ee v kamnech a kotl\u00edch na tuh\u00e1 paliva nem\u016f\u017eete pou\u017e\u00edvat pelety bez ho\u0159\u00e1ku, proto\u017ee obsah popela dos\u00e1hne 50-60%. Ligninov\u00e9 pelety se kv\u016fli nep\u0159\u00edjemn\u00e9mu z\u00e1pachu pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed pouze v automatick\u00fdch kotl\u00edch a voln\u011b stoj\u00edc\u00edch koteln\u00e1ch.<\/p>\n<h3><a href=\"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/cs\/kategorie-produktu\/tverdotoplivnye-pelletnye-kotly\/\">V\u00fdroba kotl\u016f na pelety<\/a> EU<\/h3>\n<p>Vy\u017eaduje pouze d\u0159ev\u011bn\u00e9 pelety s obsahem popela 1%.<\/p>\n<h2>Jak\u00fd je kone\u010dn\u00fd v\u00fdsledek<\/h2>\n<p>Je jasn\u00e9, \u017ee technologie pelet nen\u00ed dostupn\u00e1 pro ka\u017ed\u00e9ho. Je dimenzov\u00e1n na vysokou spot\u0159ebu tepla, v tomto p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b je z hlediska n\u00e1klad\u016f a n\u00e1klad\u016f na instalaci nejefektivn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed. Pro dom\u00e1cnosti, kancel\u00e1\u0159e a komer\u010dn\u00ed prostory m\u016f\u017eete pou\u017e\u00edt jin\u00e9 druhy paliva, s vy\u0161\u0161\u00edmi n\u00e1klady, ale v tomto p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b se doporu\u010duje pou\u017e\u00edt automatizaci z\u00e1vislou na po\u010das\u00ed a vhodnou izolaci m\u00edstnosti.<\/p>\n<p>Nejlep\u0161\u00ed variantou je nasazen\u00ed hybridn\u00edho syst\u00e9mu vyt\u00e1p\u011bn\u00ed, kter\u00fd umo\u017e\u0148uje odv\u00e1d\u011bt teplo v nejv\u00fdhodn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm obdob\u00ed a p\u0159esn\u011b v mno\u017estv\u00ed pot\u0159ebn\u00e9m pro z\u00edsk\u00e1n\u00ed komfortn\u00edho tepla. Pro soukrom\u00e9 domy nab\u00edz\u00ed zna\u010dka Focus ho\u0159\u00e1ky instalovan\u00e9 v podlahov\u00fdch kotl\u00edch jak\u00e9hokoli typu. Pokud ale nem\u00e1te zakoupen\u00e9 kotlov\u00e9 za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, pora\u010fte se s n\u00e1mi, jak vybrat ten spr\u00e1vn\u00fd kotel pro v\u00e1\u0161 \u00fakol. P\u0159i pou\u017eit\u00ed tuh\u00e9ho paliva na n\u011bm mus\u00ed b\u00fdt instalov\u00e1n ho\u0159\u00e1k na pelety.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041a\u0430\u043a \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u0432\u044b\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043a\u043e\u0442\u0435\u043b \u043e\u0442\u043e\u043f\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f: \u043d\u0430 \u0436\u0438\u0434\u043a\u043e\u043c \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0442\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0434\u043e\u043c \u0442\u043e\u043f\u043b\u0438\u0432\u0435, \u0433\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0439, \u043f\u0435\u043b\u043b\u0435\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0412\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441 \u044d\u0444\u0444\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043e\u0442\u043e\u043f\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0434\u043e\u043c\u0430, \u043e\u0444\u0438\u0441\u0430 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0432\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434 \u043a\u0430\u0436\u0434\u044b\u043c \u0436\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043c \u043d\u0430\u0448\u0435\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u044b. \u041a\u043b\u0438\u043c\u0430\u0442 \u0432 \u0423\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0438\u043d\u0435 \u0445\u043e\u0442\u044c \u0438 \u0442\u0435\u043f\u043b\u044b\u0439, \u043d\u043e \u0437\u0438\u043c\u044b \u0432\u044b\u0434\u0430\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432\u0435\u0441\u044c\u043c\u0430 \u0441\u0443\u0440\u043e\u0432\u044b\u043c\u0438, \u043f\u043e\u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0443\u0434\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0436\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0433\u0430\u0437\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442 \u043a \u0432\u044b\u0441\u043e\u043a\u0438\u043c \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043c\u0443\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0437\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0430\u043c, \u0430 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0445\u043e\u0434 \u043d\u0430 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0438\u0435 \u044d\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0433\u043e\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0443\u0440\u0441\u044b \u043d\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043a\u043e \u043d\u0435\u044d\u0444\u0444\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u0435\u043d. \u0412 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0439 [&#8230;]\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1996,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1994","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-kak-vybrat-kotel"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1994","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1994"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1994\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1996"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1994"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1994"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1994"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}