{"id":1577,"date":"2020-08-11T22:36:03","date_gmt":"2020-08-11T20:36:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/?p=1577"},"modified":"2020-08-11T22:36:03","modified_gmt":"2020-08-11T20:36:03","slug":"drevesnye-pellety-i-ih-zolnost-kakova-sistema-ochistki","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/cs\/drevesnye-pellety-i-ih-zolnost-kakova-sistema-ochistki\/","title":{"rendered":"D\u0159evn\u00ed pelety a jejich obsah popela: jak\u00fd je syst\u00e9m \u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed"},"content":{"rendered":"<h1>Agropells, mix pelety a d\u0159ev\u011bn\u00e9 pelety - jak\u00fd je rozd\u00edl<\/h1>\n<p>V dob\u011b n\u00e1kupu <a href=\"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/cs\/product-category\/pelletnye-gorelki-focus\/\">ho\u0159\u00e1k na pelety<\/a>, samoz\u0159ejm\u011b se nab\u00edz\u00ed ot\u00e1zka, jak\u00e9 pelety je mo\u017en\u00e9 a vhodn\u00e9 pou\u017e\u00edvat? Z tohoto d\u016fvodu na\u0161i specialist\u00e9 provedli anal\u00fdzu surovin dostupn\u00fdch na trhu s popisem hlavn\u00edch charakteristik. V prodeji jsou sm\u011bsn\u00e9 pelety, agropelety a podle toho i d\u0159ev\u011bn\u00e9 pelety. Li\u0161\u00ed se surovinou, tepelnou kapacitou, obsahem popela a p\u0159enosem tepla.<\/p>\n<p>Pr\u016fm\u011brn\u011b se cena pelet na ukrajinsk\u00e9m trhu pohybuje od 2200 UAH. a\u017e 100 EUR za tunu. Z\u00e1m\u011brn\u011b jsme takto ozna\u010dili n\u00e1klady s d\u016frazem na dodavatele zam\u011b\u0159en\u00e9 na Evropu. Pokud m\u00e1te z\u00e1jem p\u0159ej\u00edt na agro- nebo d\u0159ev\u011bn\u00e9 pelety, m\u011bjte na pam\u011bti, \u017ee pelety jsou pova\u017eov\u00e1ny za nejperspektivn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed obnoviteln\u00e9 palivo. P\u0159edpokl\u00e1dan\u00fd objem spot\u0159eby se do roku 2030 zv\u00fd\u0161\u00ed asi 2kr\u00e1t. Ale dnes je nab\u00eddka pom\u011brn\u011b \u0161irok\u00e1 a \u010dasem se bude roz\u0161i\u0159ovat d\u00edky roz\u0161i\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed surovinov\u00e9 z\u00e1kladny a zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed odpad\u016f.<\/p>\n<h2>Indik\u00e1tory kvality pelet<\/h2>\n<p>Pro v\u00fdrobu pelet lze pou\u017e\u00edt d\u0159evn\u00ed \u0161t\u011bpku a dal\u0161\u00ed \u0159ezivo. Na ukrajinsk\u00e9m trhu jsou nab\u00edzeny granule o vlhkosti 8-10% a po\u017eadavek na vlhkost surovin je 8-15%. V procesu se prov\u00e1d\u00ed su\u0161en\u00ed, co\u017e umo\u017e\u0148uje sn\u00ed\u017eit hmotnost, zlep\u0161it tepelnou kapacitu paliva a dal\u0161\u00ed ukazatele.<\/p>\n<p>Nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00edm ukazatelem je obsah popela. Ukrajin\u0161t\u00ed v\u00fdrobci dod\u00e1vaj\u00ed granulovan\u00e9 palivo s obsahem popela 4-5%, ale podle normy EN Plus A-1 by toto \u010d\u00edslo nem\u011blo p\u0159ekro\u010dit 0,5-0,7%. \u010c\u00edm vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed je obsah popela, t\u00edm v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed jsou po\u017eadavky na topn\u00e9 za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed a jeho \u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>Pokud syst\u00e9m \u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed<a href=\"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/cs\/product-category\/tverdotoplivnye-pelletnye-kotly\/\"> kotel na pelety<\/a> nen\u00ed automatick\u00e9, je lep\u0161\u00ed br\u00e1t pelety s ni\u017e\u0161\u00edm obsahem popela. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 m\u011bjte na pam\u011bti, \u017ee evropsk\u00e9 normy pro certifik\u00e1ty ENplus A1 nebo A2 popisuj\u00ed po\u017eadavky na granulovan\u00e9 palivo pro soukrom\u00e9 domy. Tyto po\u017eadavky se v\u0161ak nevztahuj\u00ed na Ukrajinu.<\/p>\n<p>Nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00edm ukazatelem je spaln\u00e9 teplo paliva. M\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt specifikov\u00e1n v kilokalori\u00edch a joulech. Tepeln\u00e1 kapacita paliva nav\u00edc ne v\u017edy odpov\u00edd\u00e1 n\u00edzk\u00e9mu obsahu popela.<\/p>\n<p>Pokud mluv\u00edme o konkr\u00e9tn\u00edch <a href=\"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/cs\/product-category\/pelletnye-gorelki-focus\/\">ho\u0159\u00e1ky na pelety<\/a>, pak objemov\u00e9 spalov\u00e1n\u00ed v modulech FOCUS poskytuje maxim\u00e1ln\u00ed \u00fa\u010dinnost. Nav\u00edc bez ohledu na kvalitu paliva. Ve skute\u010dnosti m\u016f\u017eete pou\u017e\u00edt nejlevn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed pelety k v\u00fdrob\u011b tepla bez plynu a bez ztr\u00e1ty tepeln\u00e9 kapacity. D\u0159ev\u011bn\u00e9 pelety poskytnou o n\u011bco v\u00edce u\u017eitku, ale tak\u00e9 poskytuj\u00ed minim\u00e1ln\u00ed obsah popela. Co\u017e je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 s ohledem na \u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>Dostupn\u00e9 palivov\u00e9 pelety se p\u0159esto li\u0161\u00ed sv\u00fdmi technick\u00fdmi vlastnostmi. P\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm z hlediska obsahu popela a spaln\u00e9ho tepla paliva. Tyto vlastnosti je t\u0159eba vz\u00edt v \u00favahu p\u0159i v\u00fdb\u011bru a n\u00e1kupu za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed a paliv.<\/p>\n<h2>D\u0159evn\u00ed pelety: jejich tepeln\u00e1 kapacita a alternativy<\/h2>\n<p>Jako prvn\u00ed se na trhu objevily d\u0159ev\u011bn\u00e9 pelety, jejich\u017e tepeln\u00e1 kapacita z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 jedna z nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00edch ze v\u0161ech n\u00e1vrh\u016f s n\u00edzk\u00fdm obsahem popela. Spaln\u00e9 teplo d\u0159ev\u011bn\u00fdch pelet je 18-23 MJ\/kg s obsahem popela 0,5-0,7%. Tato v\u00fdh\u0159evnost odpov\u00edd\u00e1 p\u0159estupu tepla ra\u0161eliny a hn\u011bd\u00e9ho uhl\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>Pro v\u00fdrobu pelet z d\u0159ev\u011bn\u00fdch surovin se pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>hobliny;<\/li>\n<li>d\u0159ev\u011bn\u00e9 t\u0159\u00edsky;<\/li>\n<li>velk\u00fd d\u0159ev\u011bn\u00fd odpad;<\/li>\n<li>d\u0159evit\u00fd podpr\u016fm\u011br.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00e9 podniky vyr\u00e1b\u011bj\u00ed pelety z alternativn\u00edch surovin. Nejobl\u00edben\u011bj\u0161\u00edmi zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00fdmi pelety jsou pelety ze sl\u00e1my. Nevypou\u0161t\u011bj\u00ed t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd CO2, ne v\u00edce ne\u017e rostlina p\u0159ij\u00edman\u00e1 v procesu r\u016fstu. Z hlediska tepeln\u00e9 kapacity jsou slam\u011bn\u00e9 pelety hor\u0161\u00ed a d\u00e1vaj\u00ed 16 MJ \/ kg. Obdobn\u00fdm agroreprodukovateln\u00fdm palivem jsou r\u00e1kosov\u00e9 pelety, generuj\u00ed 19 MJ\/kg, ale obsah popela je vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed a \u010din\u00ed 4%.<\/p>\n<p>Granule ze slupek slune\u010dnice jsou mezi agropeletami pova\u017eov\u00e1ny za v\u00fdhodn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed. Jejich v\u00fdh\u0159evnost je srovnateln\u00e1 s uhl\u00edm a \u010din\u00ed 21 MJ\/kg p\u0159i obsahu popela 3%. V souladu s t\u00edm m\u016f\u017eete pro zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed \u00fa\u010dinnosti pou\u017e\u00edt tento typ granulovan\u00e9ho paliva, kdy\u017e jste p\u0159edem promysleli syst\u00e9m \u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed ho\u0159\u00e1ku a kom\u00edn\u016f. Pokud jde o <a href=\"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/cs\/product-category\/pelletnye-gorelki-focus\/\">ho\u0159\u00e1ky na pelety FOCUS<\/a>, pak jsou ur\u010deny pro provoz s r\u016fzn\u00fdmi peletov\u00fdmi palivy, v\u010detn\u011b pelet s vysok\u00fdm obsahem popela. A zajistit mechanick\u00fd nebo automatick\u00fd \u010distic\u00ed syst\u00e9m pro kotel na pelety.<\/p>\n<h2>Ostatn\u00ed suroviny na pelety<\/h2>\n<p>Pro v\u00fdrobu granulovan\u00e9ho paliva lze pou\u017e\u00edt:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>sb\u011brov\u00fd pap\u00edr;<\/li>\n<li>ku\u0159ec\u00ed trus;<\/li>\n<li>ra\u0161elina (21 MJ \/ kg s obsahem popela 5%);<\/li>\n<li>lignin (21 MJ \/ kg s obsahem popela 3%).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Technologie objemov\u00e9ho spalov\u00e1n\u00ed umo\u017e\u0148uje pon\u011bkud zanedbat kvalitu pelet. Suroviny s vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed tepelnou kapacitou v\u0161ak umo\u017en\u00ed z\u00edskat v\u00edce tepla. Jin\u00fdmi slovy, d\u0159ev\u011bn\u00e9 pelety z odpadu cenn\u00fdch d\u0159evin z\u016fst\u00e1vaj\u00ed nejvhodn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0410\u0433\u0440\u043e\u043f\u0435\u043b\u043b\u0435\u0442\u044b, \u043c\u0438\u043a\u0441-\u043f\u0435\u043b\u043b\u0435\u0442\u044b \u0438 \u0434\u0440\u0435\u0432\u0435\u0441\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u0435\u043b\u043b\u0435\u0442\u044b \u2013 \u0432 \u0447\u0435\u043c \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0430 \u041f\u0440\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0443\u043f\u043a\u0435 \u043f\u0435\u043b\u043b\u0435\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0433\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043b\u043a\u0438, \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0435\u0447\u043d\u043e, \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0432\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441, \u043a\u0430\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0435\u043b\u043b\u0435\u0442\u044b \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0438 \u043d\u0443\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c? \u041f\u043e \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0438\u043d\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0448\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u0441\u043f\u0435\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0441\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u043d \u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u0440\u044b\u043d\u043a\u0435 \u0441\u044b\u0440\u044c\u044f \u0441 \u043e\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0445\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043a. \u0412 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0436\u0435 \u0438\u043c\u0435\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043c\u0438\u043a\u0441-\u043f\u0435\u043b\u043b\u0435\u0442\u044b, \u0430\u0433\u0440\u043e\u043f\u0435\u043b\u043b\u0435\u0442\u044b \u0438, \u0441\u043e\u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e, \u0434\u0440\u0435\u0432\u0435\u0441\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u0435\u043b\u043b\u0435\u0442\u044b. \u041e\u043d\u0438 \u043e\u0442\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0430\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0438\u0441\u0445\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0441\u044b\u0440\u044c\u0435\u043c, \u0442\u0435\u043f\u043b\u043e\u0435\u043c\u043a\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c\u044e, \u0437\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c\u044e \u0438 \u0442\u0435\u043f\u043b\u043e\u043e\u0442\u0434\u0430\u0447\u0435\u0439. \u0412 [&#8230;]\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1578,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[7],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1577","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-novosti-vse-ob-otoplenii"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1577","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1577"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1577\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1578"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1577"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1577"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1577"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}