{"id":10577,"date":"2024-08-14T08:31:52","date_gmt":"2024-08-14T06:31:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/?p=10577"},"modified":"2024-08-14T08:31:52","modified_gmt":"2024-08-14T06:31:52","slug":"teplonositel-opredelenie","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/cs\/teplonositel-opredelenie\/","title":{"rendered":"Chladic\u00ed kapalina (definice)"},"content":{"rendered":"

Chladic\u00ed kapalina<\/strong> je kapalina nebo plyn pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00fd v topn\u00fdch syst\u00e9mech k p\u0159enosu tepeln\u00e9 energie ze zdroje tepla ke koncov\u00fdm u\u017eivatel\u016fm, jako jsou nap\u0159 radi\u00e1tory<\/a>, vyh\u0159\u00edvan\u00e9 podlahy nebo jin\u00e1 topn\u00e1 za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed. Volba vhodn\u00e9 chladic\u00ed kapaliny z\u00e1vis\u00ed na typu syst\u00e9mu, provozn\u00edch podm\u00ednk\u00e1ch a po\u017eadovan\u00fdch teplotn\u00edch podm\u00ednk\u00e1ch.<\/p>\n

Chladic\u00ed kapalina: hlavn\u00ed typy<\/h3>\n
    \n
  1. Voda<\/strong>:\n
      \n
    • Popis<\/strong>: Nejb\u011b\u017en\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a nejhospod\u00e1rn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed chladic\u00ed kapalina, pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e1 ve v\u011bt\u0161in\u011b topn\u00fdch syst\u00e9m\u016f.<\/li>\n
    • V\u00fdhody<\/strong>: Vysok\u00e1 tepeln\u00e1 kapacita, n\u00edzk\u00e9 n\u00e1klady, \u0161etrnost k \u017eivotn\u00edmu prost\u0159ed\u00ed, kompatibilita s v\u011bt\u0161inou materi\u00e1l\u016f topn\u00fdch syst\u00e9m\u016f.<\/li>\n
    • Nedostatky<\/strong>: Sklon k zamrz\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159i n\u00edzk\u00fdch teplot\u00e1ch, mo\u017enost koroze kovov\u00fdch sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed syst\u00e9mu p\u0159i absenci antikorozn\u00edch p\u0159\u00edsad.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n
    • Nemrznouc\u00ed sm\u011bs<\/strong>:\n
        \n
      • Druh<\/strong>: Na b\u00e1zi ethylenglykolu a propylenglykolu.<\/li>\n
      • Ethylenglykol<\/strong>:\n
          \n
        • Popis<\/strong>: Vysoce \u00fa\u010dinn\u00e1 chladic\u00ed kapalina s n\u00edzk\u00fdm bodem tuhnut\u00ed.<\/li>\n
        • V\u00fdhody<\/strong>: Vhodn\u00e9 pro pou\u017eit\u00ed v prost\u0159ed\u00ed, kde hroz\u00ed zamrznut\u00ed vody v syst\u00e9mu.<\/li>\n
        • Nedostatky<\/strong>: Toxick\u00fd, vy\u017eaduje opatrn\u00e9 zach\u00e1zen\u00ed, zejm\u00e9na v obytn\u00fdch oblastech.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n
        • Propylenglykol<\/strong>:\n
            \n
          • Popis<\/strong>: M\u00e9n\u011b toxick\u00fd ne\u017e etylenglykol a m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt pou\u017eit v obytn\u00fdch topn\u00fdch syst\u00e9mech.<\/li>\n
          • V\u00fdhody<\/strong>: Vhodn\u00e9 pro pou\u017eit\u00ed v dom\u00e1c\u00edch syst\u00e9mech, m\u00e1 antikorozn\u00ed vlastnosti.<\/li>\n
          • Nedostatky<\/strong>: Dra\u017e\u0161\u00ed a m\u00e9n\u011b \u00fa\u010dinn\u00fd ne\u017e etylenglykol.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n
          • Oleje<\/strong>:\n
              \n
            • Popis<\/strong>: Pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 se ve specializovan\u00fdch topn\u00fdch syst\u00e9mech, kde je vy\u017eadov\u00e1n provoz p\u0159i velmi vysok\u00fdch teplot\u00e1ch.<\/li>\n
            • V\u00fdhody<\/strong>: Vysok\u00e1 odolnost proti p\u0159eh\u0159\u00e1t\u00ed, schopnost pracovat p\u0159i teplot\u00e1ch p\u0159esahuj\u00edc\u00edch 100\u00b0C bez vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed p\u00e1ry.<\/li>\n
            • Nedostatky<\/strong>: Vysok\u00e1 cena, obt\u00ed\u017en\u00e1 obsluha a \u00fadr\u017eba, pot\u0159eba speci\u00e1ln\u00edch materi\u00e1l\u016f pro syst\u00e9m.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n
            • Vzduch<\/strong>:\n
                \n
              • Popis<\/strong>: Pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 se v syst\u00e9mech oh\u0159evu vzduchu, kde se teplo p\u0159en\u00e1\u0161\u00ed oh\u0159\u00e1t\u00fdm vzduchem.<\/li>\n
              • V\u00fdhody<\/strong>: Nevy\u017eaduje v\u00fdm\u011bnu nebo \u00fadr\u017ebu jako teplonosn\u00e9 kapaliny, \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 riziko net\u011bsnost\u00ed.<\/li>\n
              • Nedostatky<\/strong>: N\u00edzk\u00e1 tepeln\u00e1 kapacita ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s kapalinami, vysok\u00e1 setrva\u010dnost syst\u00e9mu, pot\u00ed\u017ee s rovnom\u011brn\u00fdm rozlo\u017een\u00edm tepla.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n
              • P\u00e1r<\/strong>:\n
                  \n
                • Popis<\/strong>: Pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 se v parn\u00edch topn\u00fdch syst\u00e9mech, kde se teplo p\u0159en\u00e1\u0161\u00ed kondenzac\u00ed p\u00e1ry.<\/li>\n
                • V\u00fdhody<\/strong>: Vysok\u00fd p\u0159enos tepla, rychl\u00e9 dosa\u017een\u00ed po\u017eadovan\u00e9 teploty.<\/li>\n
                • Nedostatky<\/strong>: Obt\u00ed\u017en\u00e1 regulace teploty, vysok\u00e9 riziko pop\u00e1len\u00ed, pot\u0159eba vysoce kvalitn\u00ed izolace potrub\u00ed.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                  Aplikace a v\u00fdb\u011br:<\/h3>\n
                    \n
                  • Obytn\u00e9 budovy<\/strong>: Voda nebo nemrznouc\u00ed sm\u011bs na b\u00e1zi propylenglykolu jsou nejb\u011b\u017en\u011bj\u0161\u00edmi mo\u017enostmi, proto\u017ee jsou bezpe\u010dn\u00e9 a \u00fa\u010dinn\u00e9 pro pou\u017eit\u00ed v dom\u00e1cnosti.<\/li>\n
                  • Pr\u016fmyslov\u00e1 za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed<\/strong>: Pou\u017eit\u00ed olej\u016f nebo p\u00e1ry je opr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9 v aplikac\u00edch s vysok\u00fdmi teplotami nebo specifick\u00fdmi po\u017eadavky na p\u0159enos tepla.<\/li>\n
                  • Oblasti studen\u00e9ho podneb\u00ed<\/strong>: Pou\u017eit\u00ed nemrznouc\u00ed sm\u011bsi, aby se zabr\u00e1nilo zamrznut\u00ed a po\u0161kozen\u00ed syst\u00e9mu.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                    V\u00fdb\u011br chladic\u00ed kapaliny by m\u011bl br\u00e1t v \u00favahu provozn\u00ed vlastnosti syst\u00e9mu, ekonomickou proveditelnost a bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed po\u017eadavky.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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