{"id":10197,"date":"2024-07-21T19:10:16","date_gmt":"2024-07-21T17:10:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/?p=10197"},"modified":"2024-08-10T14:24:14","modified_gmt":"2024-08-10T12:24:14","slug":"bojler-opredelenie","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/firebox.com.ua\/cs\/bojler-opredelenie\/","title":{"rendered":"Kotel (definice)"},"content":{"rendered":"

Kotel<\/strong> (z anglick\u00e9ho boiler - boiler, boiler) je teplosm\u011bnn\u00e9 za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed ur\u010den\u00e9 k oh\u0159evu a akumulaci hork\u00e9 vody nebo p\u00e1ry pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e9 pro dom\u00e1c\u00ed pot\u0159ebu, vyt\u00e1p\u011bn\u00ed nebo pr\u016fmyslov\u00e9 procesy. Skl\u00e1d\u00e1 se z kovov\u00e9 n\u00e1doby, uvnit\u0159 kter\u00e9 je tepeln\u00fd v\u00fdm\u011bn\u00edk, kter\u00fd propou\u0161t\u00ed teplo p\u0159es vodu.<\/p>\n

Konstrukce kotle<\/h3>\n

N\u00e1doba je zpravidla vyrobena z r\u016fzn\u00fdch objem\u016f ve tvaru v\u00e1lce s radi\u00e1ln\u00ed horn\u00ed a spodn\u00ed st\u011bnou pro vytvo\u0159en\u00ed p\u0159ijateln\u00fdch termodynamick\u00fdch podm\u00ednek.<\/p>\n

Nep\u0159\u00edmotopn\u00fd kotel je vybaven tepeln\u011b chr\u00e1n\u011bn\u00fdm pl\u00e1\u0161t\u011bm pro sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed tepeln\u00fdch ztr\u00e1t a pln\u00ed \u00fakoly tepeln\u00fd akumul\u00e1tor<\/a>. Konstrukce kotle p\u0159edpokl\u00e1d\u00e1 p\u0159\u00edtomnost v\u00fdm\u011bn\u00edk\u016f tepla od r\u016fzn\u00fdch spot\u0159ebitel\u016f a z\u00e1le\u017e\u00ed na um\u00edst\u011bn\u00ed jejich instalace. Naho\u0159e jsou instalov\u00e1ny teplosm\u011bnn\u00e9 okruhy s vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed teplotou oh\u0159evu a dole okruhy ur\u010den\u00e9 pro ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed teplotu oh\u0159evu. Toto proveden\u00ed je typick\u00e9 pro vyrovn\u00e1vac\u00ed n\u00e1dr\u017ee, kter\u00e9 se pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed v syst\u00e9mech s kotle na tuh\u00e1 paliva<\/a>.<\/p>\n

U elektrick\u00fdch model\u016f pro dom\u00e1cnost a v \u0159ad\u011b syst\u00e9m\u016f je v\u00fdm\u011bn\u00edk tepla topn\u00fdm \u010dl\u00e1nkem, z tohoto d\u016fvodu je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fd p\u0159enos tepla a oblast kontaktu chladic\u00ed kapaliny s topn\u00fdm \u010dl\u00e1nkem; V souladu s t\u00edm lze pou\u017e\u00edt v\u00edce v\u00fdm\u011bn\u00edk\u016f tepla z v\u00edce zdroj\u016f tepla, nap\u0159. slune\u010dn\u00ed kolektor<\/a>. Hydraulick\u00e9 odd\u011blen\u00ed syst\u00e9m\u016f s takov\u00fdmi konstrukcemi p\u0159edpokl\u00e1d\u00e1 instalaci kolektor<\/a> s \u010derpac\u00edmi skupinami nebo t\u0159\u00edcestn\u00fdmi ventily pro sm\u011b\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed a stabilizaci teploty vody.<\/p>\n

aplikace<\/h3>\n

Kotel se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 v syst\u00e9mech nep\u0159\u00edm\u00e9 vyt\u00e1p\u011bn\u00ed<\/a>, nap\u0159\u00edklad pro z\u00e1sobov\u00e1n\u00ed teplou vodou nebo n\u00edzkoteplotn\u00ed \u201eteplou podlahu\u201c v syst\u00e9mech s kotlem na tuh\u00e1 paliva, kombinuj\u00edc\u00ed funkce expanzn\u00ed n\u00e1doby (p\u0159i instalaci nad \u00farovn\u00ed topn\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu) a tepeln\u00e9ho akumul\u00e1toru. Nejb\u011b\u017en\u011bj\u0161\u00ed modely obvykle obsahuj\u00ed topn\u00e9 t\u011bleso poh\u00e1n\u011bn\u00e9 elekt\u0159inou pro oh\u0159ev tepl\u00e9 vody. Podobn\u00e9 syst\u00e9my lze pou\u017e\u00edt pro podlahov\u00e9 vyt\u00e1p\u011bn\u00ed a dal\u0161\u00ed \u00fakoly, v\u010detn\u011b vyt\u00e1p\u011bn\u00ed, ale n\u00e1klady na provoz takov\u00fdch syst\u00e9m\u016f na elekt\u0159inu budou vysok\u00e9.<\/p>\n

Pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed se v syst\u00e9mech s parn\u00edm oh\u0159evem k oh\u0159evu vody v syst\u00e9mech z\u00e1sobov\u00e1n\u00ed horkou vodou a p\u0159\u00edprav\u011b chladiva pro p\u0159\u00edvod do syst\u00e9mu \u00fast\u0159edn\u00edho vyt\u00e1p\u011bn\u00ed. Kotle jsou \u0161iroce pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1ny v tepeln\u00fdch elektr\u00e1rn\u00e1ch, jadern\u00fdch elektr\u00e1rn\u00e1ch a v\u00fdkonn\u00fdch koteln\u00e1ch clusterov\u00e9ho typu. Nap\u0159\u00edklad takov\u00e9 \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed je vhodn\u00e9 pro organizaci centralizovan\u00e9ho vyt\u00e1p\u011bn\u00ed a z\u00e1sobov\u00e1n\u00ed vodou na z\u00e1klad\u011b vyv\u00edje\u010d p\u00e1ry na pelety FOCUS<\/a>.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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